|
| Herb | Animal | Model | Dose/administration/time | Effects | Components | Reference |
|
| Rhizoma coptidis | Mice | High-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice | Berberine (200 mg/kg) oral gavage/6 weeks | Visceral adipose↓
Weight↓
Blood glucose↓
Lipid levels↓ | Berberine | [34, 35] |
|
| Panax ginseng C. A. Mey | Mice | High-fat diet-fed mice | 20 mg/kg/intragastric
administration/3 weeks | Body weight↓
Food intake↓
Blood glucose↓
TC↓ TG↓ | Ginsenoside Rg1
Ginsenoside Rb1
Ginsenoside Rg3 | [36–38] |
|
| Radix Lithospermi | Rat | High-fat diet-fed db/db mice | Acetylshikonin extract (100, 300, or 900 mg/kg)/intragastric administration/6 weeks; db/db mice: acetylshikonin (540 mg/kg/day) oral/8 weeks | Body weight↓ FFA↓
TG↓ inhibited
Differentiation
Fat accumulation,
Food intake↓ | Acetylshikonin;
shikonin | [39–42] |
|
| Ephedra sinica Stapf. | Male ICR mice | High-fat diet-fed | Diet containing 5% Ephedra/oral gavage/6 weeks | Body weight ↓
Fasting glucose↓
HDL-C↑ | Ephedra | [43, 44] |
|
| Rheum palmatum L. | Mice | Obese mice | Mice: chrysophanic acid (5 mg/kg/day)/oral gavage/16 weeks | Body weight↓
TG↓ HDL-↑, TC↓
Food intake↓ | Chrysophanic acid | [45–47] |
|
| Green tea | Mice | Diet-induced obese male C57BL/6J mice | 0.25% (w/w) GT extract/oral gavage/12 weeks | Body weight↓
Energy intake
HOMA-IR↓, TG ↓, TC↓
FFA↓ | Catechin | [27, 48] |
|
| Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge | Mice | db/db diabetic mice | Radix Astragali (2 g/kg/day)/oral gavage/12 weeks | Body weight ↓
Food intake ↓
HDL-C↑ | Astragalosides I
Astragalosides II | [49, 50] |
|
| Carthamus tinctorius L | Rat | High-fat diet-induced obese rats | Saffron extract and crocin at concentrations of 40 and 80 mg/kg/day oral/8 weeks | Food intake, relative liver weight | Saffron, crocin | [51, 52] |
|
| Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst | Mice | ob/ob mice | 100 µL water extract of G. lucidum mycelium/intragastric
gavage/8 weeks | Inflammation endotoxemia ↓
Insulin resistance ↓
Regulated lipogenic gene expression. | Saffron | [53] |
|
| Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f | Mice | High-fat diet-induced obese db/db or ob/ob mice | Celastrol (100 µg/kg)/
intraperitoneally injection/3 weeks | HFD: food intake ↓
Energy expenditure ↑
Body weight↓
db/db or ob/ob mice: body weights, lean mass, and fat percentage were not affected | Celastrol | [54] |
|
