Moxibustion-Simulating Bipolar Radiofrequency Suppresses Weight Gain and Induces Adipose Tissue Browning via Activation of UCP1 and FGF21 in a Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Obesity

Figure 3

M-RF stimulation reduces the size of adipocytes and increases mitochondrial contents in the WATs of DIO mice. (a, d) Whole-mounted WATs stained with BODIPY (green) and MitoTracker (red). Note that all three levels of M-RF stimulation resulted in decreases in the size of adipocytes and increases in the mitochondrial contents compared to the control. Scale bar, 200 μm. (b, c, e, and f) Diameter of adipocytes and density of MitoTracker-positive area were measured in five randomly selected regions (~100 adipocytes per region) per WAT in control (n = 10), RF-L (n = 10), RF-M (n = 10), and RF-H (n = 10) and presented as micrometers for diameter of adipocytes and as an arbitrary unit (AU) for the ratio of the pixel densities compared to the control for intensity of MitoTracker. Results are presented as the means ± SD. , P < 0.01 versus control.