In Vitro and In Vivo Immunomodulator Activities of Allium sativum L.

Table 1

Principal biological effects of garlic or its compounds on immune cell activation and proliferation.

Garlic products	The biological effect on immune cell proliferation	Authors
Garlic consumption	Enhancement of cells account in bone marrow	[36]
	Increasing lymphocyte proliferation in vivo in the absence of a mitogen; Enhancement in lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen and thymus of rats from the garlic fed relative to the control group	[47]
Protein fraction	Stimulatory effect on lymphocyte and NK and macrophages cytotoxicity	[37, 38]
Extract and protein fraction	A dose-dependent augmentation of oxidative burst of macrophages; An enhancement of T cell proliferation in splenocytes stimulated with PHA	[39]
Proteins from raw garlic extract	Mitogenic activity towards human peripheral blood lymphocytes, murine splenocytes, and thymocytes	[41]
Protein fraction of fresh garlic	Activating peripheral blood T lymphocyte and enlarged CD8+ T cell proliferation	[42]
Aged extract consumption	Increasing its proliferation of T cell population in healthy humans	[43]
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS)	Dual effect (inhibition and augmentation) on T lymphocyte proliferation in mice	[40, 45]
Ajoenes and alliin	Selective inhibition of proliferative response of human peripheral blood cells to lectins	[46]