The Association of Radial Artery Pulse Wave Variables with the Pulse Wave Velocity and Echocardiographic Parameters in Hypertension
Table 1
Characteristics of the study subjects.
Health control
Hypertension
Hypertension heart disease
P value
(n=42)
(n=64)
(n=53)
Demographic factors
Sex (male)
45.24%
45.31%
62.26%
0.130
Age in years
58.74±6.32
62.52±6.53
63.85±8.49
0.003
BMI (kg/m2)
23.16±2.35
23.23±2.77
25.27±2.37
<0.001
systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
124.36±11.01
135.97±14.95
147.42±14.92
<0.001
diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
73.00±8.02
78.34±8.18
83.08±10.37
<0.001
Pulse pressure (mmHg)
51.36±7.38
57.63±11.09
64.34±11.87
<0.001
Heart rates (beats/min)
72.02±11.52
76.02±12.98
72.38±15.2
0.221
Medicine-taking history
None
95.31%
92.45%
<0.001
Poor blood pressure control
None
40.62%
66.03%
<0.001
duration time of hypertension (years)
None
7.29±4.95
9.66±6.72
<0.001
Arterial stiffness measurements
Ba-PWV (cm/s)
1473.17±182.55
1689.03±285.59
1791.53±291.77
<0.001
ABI
1.08±0.09
1.11±0.07
1.12±0.07
0.067
Echocardiographic parameters
AAO (mm)
29.88±3.06
31.38±2.79
34.32±3.38
<0.001
AODd (mm)
29.95±2.98
30.77±2.7
32.85±3.04
<0.001
LVDs (mm)
29.02±2.59
28.44±3.32
32.15±3.28
<0.001
LVDd (mm)
45.60±3.43
45.42±3.92
49.96±3.99
<0.001
VST (mm)
8.30±0.62
8.52±0.85
10.25±2.09
<0.001
PWT (mm)
8.30±0.62
8.38±0.77
10.25±2.06
<0.001
LAD (mm)
33.60±2.96
34.97±2.84
40.98±2.86
<0.001
EF (%)
65.21±4.44
66.7±4.38
63.98±5.92
0.006
E/A⩽1
52.38%
75.00%
83.02%
0.003
Changes in cardiovascular structure or function
LV active relaxation delay
45.24%
68.75%
26.42%
<0.001
LV diastole dysfunction
None
None
52.83%
<0.001
Thickening in the LV wall
None
None
5.66%
0.035
Thickening in the base of IVS
None
None
33.96%
<0.001
LA Enlargement
None
None
64.15%
<0.001
LV Enlargement
None
None
7.55%
0.015
RA Enlargement
None
None
5.66%
0.035
Broadening in the AAO or AS
None
None
11.32%
0.003
TCM pulse variables
t1(s)
0.14±0.03
0.14±0.03
0.13±0.03
0.479
t3(s)
0.25±0.02
0.25±0.03
0.24±0.02
0.211
t4(s)
0.34±0.03
0.34±0.04
0.34±0.04
0.921
t5(s)
0.50±0.11
0.49±0.13
0.52±0.13
0.339
h1(mm)
15.09±4.27
16.76±4.84
16.57±4.64
0.081
h4(mm)
6.46±1.74
6.72±2.02
6.84±2.21
0.650
h5(mm)
-0.06±0.19
-0.30±0.45
0.04±0.45
<0.001
h3/h1
0.77±0.13
0.77±0.13
0.77±0.14
0.970
h4/h1
0.44±0.09
0.41±0.09
0.42±0.09
0.209
w/t
0.23±0.02
0.24±0.04
0.23±0.04
0.472
Data shown are mean±SD, or proportions (in percentages). LV: left ventricle; LA: left atrium; RA: right atrium; IVS: interventricular septum; AAO: ascending aorta; AS: aorta sinus.
