Tualang Honey Reduced Neuroinflammation and Caspase-3 Activity in Rat Brain after Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus

Figure 2

IL-10 level in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and brainstem of control and kainic acid-induced groups at multiple time points. Graph showed the levels of IL-10 in the cerebral cortex (a), cerebellum (b), and brainstem (c) at 2 h, 24 h, and 48 h after KA administration. Data are presented as Mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group for each time point. Statistical analysis: one-way ANOVA test with p<0.05 indicates significant difference. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the IL-10 level in all the brain regions or in the rat cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and brainstem among the experimental groups at 2h, 24 h, and 48 h after KA administration. Tukey post hoc test was not performed. ANOVA, one-way analysis of variance; BS, brainstem; CC, cerebral cortex; CB, cerebellum; KA, kainic acid; TH, tualang honey; IL-10, interleukin-10; TPM, topiramate; SEM, the standard error of the mean.

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