Time-, Sex-, and Dose-Dependent Alterations of the Gut Microbiota by Consumption of Dietary Daikenchuto (TU-100)

Table 2

Genera with more than 1.0% of population showing significant alterations by 1.5% TU-100 administration for 24 weeks.

(a) Female samples

Genus level	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	value
	(%)	(%)	(%)	(group 1 versus group 2)
k__Bacteria;p__Bacteroidetes;c__Bacteroidia;o__Bacteroidales;f__Bacteroidaceae;g__Bacteroides	0.85 ± 0.43	3.53 ± 1.33	2.45 ± 1.71	0.0012
k__Bacteria;p__Bacteroidetes;c__Bacteroidia;o__Bacteroidales;f__Rikenellaceae;g__	1.46 ± 0.89	4.66 ± 1.87	1.44 ± 1.06	0.0012
k__Bacteria;p__Bacteroidetes;c__Bacteroidia;o__Bacteroidales;f__S24-7;g__	14.12 ± 2.51	24.93 ± 5.93	20.13 ± 7.24	0.0093
k__Bacteria;p__Firmicutes;c__Bacilli;o__Turicibacterales;f__Turicibacteraceae;g__Turicibacter	0.16 ± 0.29	1.50 ± 1.37	0.92 ± 1.24	0.0022
k__Bacteria;p__Firmicutes;c__Clostridia;o__Clostridiales;f__;g__	23.34 ± 5.09	14.45 ± 4.46	21.38 ± 13.40	0.0059
k__Bacteria;p__Firmicutes;c__Clostridia;o__Clostridiales;f__Clostridiaceae;g__	0.18 ± 0.07	1.13 ± 0.64	0.62 ± 0.47	0.0003
k__Bacteria;p__Proteobacteria;c__Deltaproteobacteria;o__Desulfovibrionales;f__Desulfovibrionaceae;g__	17.05 ± 4.75	7.35 ± 2.69	8.85 ± 2.19	0.0003

–Whitney U test.

(b) Male samples

Genus level	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	value
	(%)	(%)	(%)	(group 1 versus group 2)
k__Bacteria;p__Actinobacteria;c__Coriobacteriia;o__Coriobacteriales;f__Coriobacteriaceae;g__	0.03 ± 0.02	1.18 ± 1.25	0.77 ± 1.48	0.0006
k__Bacteria;p__Firmicutes;c__Bacilli;o__Turicibacterales;f__Turicibacteraceae;g__Turicibacter	1.82 ± 1.88	0.05 ± 0.08	0.17 ± 0.17	0.0200
k__Bacteria;p__Firmicutes;c__Clostridia;o__Clostridiales;f__Lachnospiraceae;g__[Ruminococcus]	1.47 ± 0.45	0.75 ± 0.19	0.85 ± 0.30	0.0006
k__Bacteria;p__Firmicutes;c__Erysipelotrichi;o__Erysipelotrichales;f__Erysipelotrichaceae;g__Allobaculum	5.33 ± 3.52	17.71 ± 6.29	15.44 ± 6.84	0.0006

–Whitney U test.