Effects of Mantra Meditation versus Music Listening on Knee Pain, Function, and Related Outcomes in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: An Exploratory Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)
Table 2
Mean baseline scores on osteoarthritis (OA) knee pain, function, and related outcomes and on sleep, stress, mood, well-being, quality of life, and other factors in a sample of older adults with symptomatic OA of the knee, stratified by treatment group.
Outcomes
Mantra Meditation (N=11)
Music Listening (N=11)
P
Mean (SE)
Mean (SE)
Knee Pain-Related (Core) Outcomes
Knee Injury and OA Outcome Score (KOOS)
Total-WOMAC(range 0-240)
106.64 (6.54)
119.73 (12.70)
0.37
Pain (range 0-90)
41.91 (2.41)
49.82 (4.38)
0.16
Pain-WOMAC (range 0-50)
20.90 (0.96)
25.82 (2.92)
0.14
Symptoms (range 0-70)
32.64 (2.90)
33.73 (3.09)
0.89
Stiffness-WOMAC (range 0-20)
10.82 (0.93)
12.45 (1.03)
0.25
Function (range 0-170)
74.90 (5.57)
81.46 (9.43)
0.56
Sports/Recreation (range 0-50)
35.73 (3.58)
34.91 (4.08)
0.88
Quality of Life (range 0-40)
29.82 (1.83)
29.18 (2.45)
0.84
Numeric Rating Scale (range 0-10)
Pain now
3.90 (0.50)
4.27 (0.69)
0.67
Average pain (last week)
4.91 (0.31)
5.91 (0.56)
0.15
Worst pain (last week)
7.20 (0.57)
7.82 (0.0.62)
0.47
Least pain (last week)
2.80 (0.36)
2.73 (0.0.78)
0.93
Patient Global Assessment (range 0-10)
6.00 (0.36)
6.36 (0.53)
0.57
Secondary Outcomes
Stress, Sleep Quality, Mood, and Well-being
Perceived Stress Scale
17.30 (3.24)
15.33 (1.32)
0.25
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
9.78 (3.24)
8.09 (2.21)
0.23
Profile of Mood States (total score)
30.90 (11.19)
29.37 (11.19)
0.93
Psychological Well-being Scale
84.73 (3.70)
82.64 (5.05)
0.74
Health related Quality of Life (SF-36)
Mental Health Composite Score
60.20 (6.92)
70.00 (6.43)
0.31
Physical Health Composite Score
45.74 (4.85)
47.90 (5.62)
0.77
Potential mediators
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
17.30 (1.02)
16.82 (0.76)
0.71
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
15.10 (3.92)
22.27 (3.98)
0.21
Treatment Expectancy(CEQ)
How confident that tx will be beneficial (1-10)
7.73 (0.41)
7.82 (1.25)
0.78
Degree improvement expected (1-10)
7.00 (0.49)
7.27 (0.45)
0.96
as the sum of the WOMAC Pain, Stiffness, and Function subscale scores. CEQ= Credibility Expectancy Questionnaire (higher numbers indicate higher expectancy).
