Effects of Mantra Meditation versus Music Listening on Knee Pain, Function, and Related Outcomes in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: An Exploratory Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)
Table 4
Relation of changes over time in knee pain-related outcomes to mood, sleep, well-being, and quality of life and to pain-related fear and catastrophizing in older adults with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee.
Change from baseline
Change over time at 2 months
KOOS Total-WOMAC
KOOS Function
KOOS Symptoms
KOOS Pain
KOOS Sport
KOOS QOL
NRS Pain now
NRS Pain average
NRS Pain worst
NRS Pain least
PGA
Stress, sleep, mood, and QOL
Perceived stress (PSS)
0.39()
Mood (Profile of Mood States: total score)
0.38()
0.42()
0.4
0.39()
Sleep Quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index)
Total Score
0.41 ()
0.40()
Mean number hours sleep
-0.40()
-0.4
-0.4
-0.5
Health related Quality of Life (SF-36)
Mental Health component
-0.5
-0.6
-0.4
-0.4
-0.4
Physical Health component
-0.5
-0.5
-0.39()
-0.4
-0.4
0.39()
Pain-related Fear/Catastrophizing
Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (total score)
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.41()
0.4
0.63†
0.5
0.5
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (total score)
0.5
Abbreviations: NRS=Numerical Rating Scale; PGA=Patient Global Assessment; QOL=quality of life. () p<0.1, <0.05; <0.025; <0.01; <0.005.
