<i>Manilkara zapota</i> (L.) P. Royen Leaf Water Extract Induces Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells via ERK1/2/Akt1/JNK1 Signaling Pathways

<div>Determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells. (a) Intracellular ROS in<i> Manilkara zapota </i>leaf water extract and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treated HepG2 cells using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, measured using NovoCyte Flow Cytometer with NovoExpress® software. (b) Histogram presented the dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence intensity. Values are reported as mean ± SD (n = 3). Value with different superscript letter indicates significant difference between groups by Tukey’s test (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Treatment with<i> Manilkara zapota </i>leaf water extract at a concentration of 24, 48, and 96 <i>μ</i>g/mL significantly elevated the ROS level compared to the control (<i>P &lt; </i>0.05).</div>

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Figure 7

Figure 7: <i>Manilkara zapota</i> (L.) P. Royen Leaf Water Extract Induces Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells via ERK1/2/Akt1/JNK1 Signaling Pathways 

Figure 7 | Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen Leaf Water Extract Induces Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells via ERK1/2/Akt1/JNK1 Signaling Pathways 