Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Mental and Neurological Disorders in Ghana

Table 5

Plant species used for the treatment of mental and nervous system disorders in Ghana and scientific validation of their ethnopharmacological activities.

Botanical name	Family	CNS uses
Ageratum conyzoides Linn.,	Asteraceae	Analgesia [15, 42, 43]
Allium sativum Linn.	Liliaceae	Motor coordination[44]; Analgesia [45]
Alstonia boonei De Wild	Apocynaceae	Analgesia [24]
Azadirachta indica A. Juss	Meliaceae	Analgesia [25, 46]; Anxiolytic [47]; Alzheimer's disease [26]
Bertholletia excelsa H&B	Lecythidaceae	None
Bidens pilosa Linn.	Asteraceae	Analgesia [48]
Blighia unijugata Bak	Sapindaceae	None
Cassia occidentalis Linn.	Caesalpiniaceae	None
Cinchona pubescens Vahl.	Rubiaceae	None
Citrus aurantifolia Swingle	Rutaceae	None
Cocos nucifera Linn.	Palmae	Analgesia [49–51]
Corchorus olitorius Linn.	Tiliaceae	Anticonvulsant [52]
Cymbopogon citratus DC.	Graminae	Anxiolytic [53–56]; Sedative [53]; Anticonvulsant [53, 54, 57]; Analgesia [58]
Eucalyptus globulus Labill.	Myrtaceae	None
Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss.	Meliaceae	None
Lantana camara Linn.	Verbenaceae	Anxiolytic [59, 60]
Mangifera indica Linn. F.T.A	Anacardiaceae	Analgesia [61, 62];
		Cognitive performance [63]
		[64]; Neuroprotection, anticonvulsant [65]
Momordica charantia Linn.	Cucurbitaceae	Analgesia [66–68]; Antidepressant Anxiolytic [69]
Musa paradisiaca Walker et Sillans	Musaceae	None
Nephrolepis cordifolia Linn Presl	Nephrolepidaceae	None
Ocimum gratissimum Linn.	Lamiaceae	Analgesia, antidepressant [70–74]; and anxiolytic [75]
Passiflora edulis Sims	Passifloraceae	Anxiolytic [76–81] and sedative [78, 81, 82]
Persea Americana Mill F.W.T.A	Lauraceae	Analgesia and anticonvulsant [83, 84]
Phyllanthus niruri Schum.et Thnn.	Euphobiaceae	Analgesia [85, 86]
Rauwolfia vomitoria Afz.	Apocynaceae	Antipsychotic [16, 18, 29]
Rubus fruticosus Linn.	Rosaceae	None
Scoparia dulcis Linn.	Scrophulariaceae	Analgesia [87, 88]
Sida acuta Burn F.	Malvaceae	Analgesia and antidepressant [89, 90]
Tapinanthus globiferus A. Rich.	Loranthaceae	None
Terminalia catappa Linn.	Combretaceae	None
Tetrapleura tetraptera Schum Taub.	Fabaceae	Anticonvulsant [91, 92], Analgesia [92]
Vernonia amygdalina Del. Cent. Pl. Afr.	Asteraceae	Analgesia [22]