Efficacy of a Chinese Herbal Medicine Compound Zhangpi Ointment against Hydroxyurea-Induced Leg Ulcers: A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled Clinical Trial

Table 1

The components of the Zhangpi Ointment and their pharmacological properties.

Herbal components	Chinese names	Plant part used	Category by TCM theory	Phytochemical constituents	Pharmacological action in wound healing
Rheum officinale Baill	Dahuang	Root	Purging drug	Rhein, emodin, chrysophanol,; chrysaron, aloe-emodin, physcion	Hemostatic function, anticoagulation, inhibition of bacteria, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, reducing swelling and pain reduction
Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst.	Zicao	Root	Heat-clearing drug	Shikonin, acetylshikonin, β-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, teracrylshikonin	Anti-inflammation, inhibition of bacteria
Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels	Danggui	Root	Blood tonifying drug	Ferulic acid, succinic, nicotinic acid, butylidenephthalide, folinic acid	Inhibition of platelet aggregation, anti-thrombosis, analgesic action
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch	Gancao	Root	Heat-clearing drug	Glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin	Detoxification, anti-inflammation
Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch	Shengdihuang	Root	Heat-clearing drug	β-sitosterol, mannitol, stigmasterol, campesterol, rehmannin	Detoxification, anti-inflammation
Cortex Lycii	Digupi	Root	Heat-clearing drug	Cinnamic acid, betaine, kukoamine A, lyciumin A, lyciumin B, β-sitosterol, linoleic acid, linolenic acid	Detoxification, anti-inflammation
Rubber powder	Xiangpifen	-	Wound healing	Myosin, actin, tropomyosin, hemoglobin, creatine, palmitic acid	Hemostatic function, promoting wound healing, detoxification, astringent effect
Calomel	Qingfen	-	Wound healing	Mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2)	Astringent effect, hemostatic function, detoxification, inhibiting bacteria

Abbreviations: TCM, traditional Chinese medicine.