Herbal Formula Modified Buzhong-Yiqi-Tang for Functional Constipation in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Characteristics of the included studies in meta-analysis.

Study

Diagnostic; criteria

Type of the; control group

Treatment; duration

Age (years)

Percentage of; men

Intervention drugs

Symptom improvement

Adverse; event

Case

Control

Case

Control

Case

Control

Case

Control

Chen and Wang, 2014 [14]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

4 weeks

55–78

53–79

55

48

MBYT (36.0 g, DE, TID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

85.0%; (34/40)

80.0%; (32/40)

Included

Duan, 2014 [15]

CGND/RIIIC

Stimulant laxatives

3 weeks

57–69

56–68

50

46

MBYT (45.0 g, DE, TID)

Phenolphthalein (100 mg, TA, QD)

100.0%; (50/50)

84.0%; (42/50)

NR

Hu et al., 2012 [16]

CGND

Stimulant laxatives

4 weeks

40

36

MBYT (38.0 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

92.9%; (39/42)

71.4%; (30/42)

Included

Huang, 2007 [17]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

2 weeks

46

44

MBYT (69.5 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

95.8%; (46/48)

87.5%; (42/48)

NR

Jin, 2014 [18]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

4 weeks

59–84

59–83

66

64

MBYT (41.0 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

92.0%; (46/50)

80.0%; (40/50)

Included

Li et al., 2014 [19]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

3 weeks

66–82

65–84

54

70

MBYT (28.5 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

80.0%; (28/35)

51.5%; (17/33)

Included

Liu, 2008 [20]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

4 weeks

55–82

52–80

38

32

MBYT (60.5 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

86.2%; (25/29)

78.6%; (22/28)

Included

Pan, 2013 [21]

DESS/RIIC

Stimulant laxatives

2 weeks

62–76

63–75

60

55

MBYT (56.5 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (100 mg, TA, QD)

90.0%; (18/20)

70.0%; (14/20)

NR

Shen, 2011 [22]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

10 days

60–78

60–80

75

70

MBYT (40.0 g, DE, BID)

Bisacodyl (5 mg, TA, TID)

98.8%; (79/80)

80.0%; (32/40)

NR

Wang et al., 2014 [23]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

1 week

57–87

54–86

71

64

MBYT (38.0 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

90.5%; (38/42)

66.7%; (28/42)

Included

Wu et al., 2013 [24]

CGND/RIIIC

Stimulant laxatives

2 weeks

37

50

MBYT (64.5 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein; (100 mg, TA, QD)

90.0%; (27/30)

70.0%; (21/30)

NR

Yang and Chu 2014 [25]

CGND

Stimulant laxatives

5 weeks

45–81

42–83

53

50

MBYT (60.5 g, DE, BID)

Bisacodyl (5 mg, TA, QD)

93.8%; (30/32)

71.9%; (23/32)

NR

Yang, 2011 [26]

DESS

Stimulant laxatives

2 weeks

45

42

MBYT (48.5 g, DE, BID)

Phenolphthalein (200 mg, TA, QD)

90.0%; (36/40)

77.5%; (31/40)

NR

Shen et al., 2014 [27]

CGND

Osmotic laxatives

1 week

22–71

22–71

58

58

MBYT (47.5 g, DE, BID)

Duphalac (10 g, SO, BID)

95.0%; (19/20)

72.0%; (18/25)

NR

Fu, 2016 [28]

CGND/DESS

Prokinetic agents

4 weeks

58

57

MBYT (41.0 g, DE, BID)

Cisapride (5 mg, TA, TID)

93.3%; (56/60)

81.7%; (49/60)

Included

He, 2010 [29]

DESS

Prokinetic agents

2 weeks

18–72

18–72

42

42

MBYT (64.5 g, DE, BID)

Cisapride (5 mg, TA, BID)

96.0%; (96/100)

68.0%; (34/50)

Hui and Li, 2012 [30]

DESS

Prokinetic agents

2 weeks

63

67

MBYT (47.5 g, DE, BID)

Cisapride (5 mg, TA, TID)

90.0%; (27/30)

83.3%; (25/30)

NR

Song, 2010 [31]

CGND/DESS; /RIIC

Prokinetic agents

4 weeks

56

55

MBYT (70.0 g, DE, BID)

Cisapride (5 mg, TA, TID)

92.3%; (36/39)

85.0%; (34/40)

NR

Xu et al., 2012 [32]

DESS/RIIIC

Prokinetic agents

20 days

50

50

MBYT (3.0 g, PI, TID)

Mosapride (10 mg, TA, TID)

60.0%; (24/40)

67.5%; (27/40)

NR

Biofeedback

20 days

48

48

MBYT (3.0 g, PI, TID) + Biofeedback (QD)

Biofeedback (QD)

97.5%; (39/40)

55.0%; (22/40)

NR

Zhang et al., 2016 [33]

CGND/DESS; /RIIIC

Prokinetic agents

60 days

18–66

18–68

53

47

MBYT (28.5 g, DE, BID)

Cisapride (5 mg, TA, TID)

92.1%; (35/38)

68.4%; (26/38)

NR

Li and Xin, 2011 [13]

DESS/RIIIC

Osmotic laxatives

4 weeks

45–86

45–86

48

48

MBYT (3.0 g, GR, BID) + Duphalac (667 mg, SO, BID)

Duphalac (667 mg, SO, BID)

28.8%; (24/29)

58.6%; (17/29)

Included

Zheng et al., 2013 [34]

CGND/DESS; /RIIIC

Osmotic laxatives

3 weeks

30–80

29–77

57

53

MBYT (120.0 g, DE, QD) + PEG4000; (20 g, PO, QD)

PEG4000 (20 g, PO, QD)

90.0%; (27/30)

73.3%; (22/30)

Included

Deng, 2012 [35]

CGND

Prokinetic agents

3 weeks

59–78

57–79

41

46

MBYT (50.5 g, DE, BID) + Cisapride (10 mg, TID)

Cisapride (10 mg, TA, TID)

89.7%; (35/39)

66.7%; (26/39)

NR

Xu, 2012 [36]

DESS/RIIIC

Prokinetic agents

4 weeks

>60

>60

60

55

MBYT (34.3 g, DE, TID) + Mosapride (5 mg, TA, TID)

Mosapride (5 mg, TA, TID)

87.5%; (35/40)

77.5%; (31/40)

Included

Huang, 2003 [37]

DESS

Biofeedback

2 weeks

35–50

35–50

0

0

MBYT (3.0 g, PI, QD) + Kegel exercises (QD)

Kegel exercises (QD)

98.0%; (49/50)

70.0%; (28/40)

NR

MBYT: Modified Buzhong-Yiqi-Tang; CGND: clinical guideline of new drugs for TCM; DESS: diagnostic efficacy of standard TCM syndrome; RIIC: Rome II Criteria; RIIIC: Rome III Criteria; DE, decoction; GR, granules; PI, pill; PO, powder; SO, solution; TA, tablet; QD, once a day; BID, twice a day; TID, three times a day; NR, no record.