Aster glehni Extract Containing Caffeoylquinic Compounds Protects Human Keratinocytes through the TRPV4-PPARδ-AMPK Pathway

Figure 5

RT-PCR and ICC results for keratin, involucrin, defensin, and TNF in HaCaT cells treated with antagonists for TRPV4 and AMPK. The antagonists for TRPV4 and AMPK decreased mRNA (a) and protein (b) expressions of keratin, involucrin, and defensin, but they increased TNFα expression (a, b). Images were taken at 200 × magnification. The results are expressed as means ± SEM. N=3 for each group. Values were statistically analyzed by unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA. All experiments were over repeated three times. The dash-dotted line means the one-way ANOVA result between ctrl and other groups.

(a)

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