Moroccan Propolis: A Natural Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antibiofilm against Staphylococcus aureus with No Induction of Resistance after Continuous Exposure

Figure 4

Anti-QS properties of propolis and catechin. (a) N-hexanoylhomoserine lactone (C6-HSL) at 0.12 µg/mL was added to the culture medium. (b) No addition of C6-HSL to the culture medium. In each well was added (A): ethanol 70%; (B): propolis at 0.24 mg/mL; (C): propolis at 0.36 mg/mL; (D): propolis at 0.49 mg/mL; (E): propolis at 0.61mg/mL; (F): propolis at 0.73 mg/mL; (G): propolis at 0.98 mg/mL; (H): propolis at 1.22 mg/mL. (B’): (+)-catechin at 0.24 mg/mL; (C’): (+)-catechin at 0.36 mg/mL; (D’): (+)-catechin at 0.49 mg/mL; (E’): (+)-catechin at 0.61mg/mL; (F’): (+)-catechin at 0.73 mg/mL; (G’): (+)-catechin at 0.98 mg/mL; (H’): (+)-catechin at 1.22 mg/mL. This assay was conducted in three independent triplicates (N=9).

(a)

(b)