Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Topical Formulations from Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) W. Watson Essential Oil

Table 3

Antibacterial activity of C. martini EOs against skin disease causing bacteria using agar well diffusion technique.

Plants	Conc %v/v	Inhibition Zone Diameter (mm), including well diameter (10 mm)
		Clinical Isolates				Standard strains
		Sa	Sp	Pa	Kp	Sa	Pa	Kp
C. martini	4	23.1±2.5	32.0±0.9	16.0±0.6	15.0±0.6	23.1±2.5	17.8±0.8	18.0±0.6
	2	18.5±1.0	28.0±1.9	11.0±0.6	12.0±1.0	18.5±1.0	13.7±1.0	13.0±1.0
	1	14.5±2.0	18.3±1.2	7.0±0.6	9.0±0.9	14.5±2.0	9.3±0.5	10.0±0.6
	0.5	10.5±0.5	12.5±1.0	3.3±1.2	4.0±1.1	10.5±0.5	4.5±1.0	6.0±0.6
	0.25	3.0±0.9	5.3±0.8	0.0±0.0	1.0±0.6	3.0±0.9	0.6±0.5	1.0±0.6
Control	0.2	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0

Sa: S. aureus, Sp: S. pyogenes, Pa: P. aeruginosa, Kp: K. pneumoniae, Control: 0.2% Tween 80 as negative control, and Conc: concentration. Data (means ± SD, n = 6) within a column with different superscripts are significantly different (p < 0.05).