Piper cubeba L. Methanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory Activity Targeting Src/Syk via NF-B Inhibition

Figure 1

Effect of Pc-ME on NO production in LPS-induced macrophages. (a) NO production assay in RAW264.7 cells (10⁶ cells/ml) induced with 1 μg/ml of LPS (left panel) or 10 μg/ml of Pam3CSK4 (Pam, right panel) for 24 h. (b) NO production after prednisolone (Pred) treatment as a positive control (0-200 μM) (left panel) and viability of RAW264.7 cells after prednisolone treatment (right panel). (c) Viability of RAW264.7 cells after Pc-ME treatment (0-100 μg/ml) assessed with MTT solution. (d) Phytochemical profile (left panel) and the content (right panel) of flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol) were obtained by HPLC analysis. p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 compared to control or normal groups. All data (a–c) are expressed as mean ± SD of 3 replicates.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)