|
| Source | Sample size | Period | Group setting (n) | Age
Mean (SD) | Intervention | Main acupoints | Outcomes |
|
Li et al.
(2017) [10] | 150 | 8 weeks | (i) acupressure (50) | 71.7 (5.7) | Pressure | EX-HN3 Anmian, HT7, SP6, LIV3 | Primary outcome
(WOMAC-pain)
Secondary outcome
(NRS; WOMAC-physical function) |
| (ii) sham acupressure (50) | 73.2 (7.4) | Pressure | Non-acupoint |
| (iii) control (50) | 73.3 (6.2) | Previous usual care | |
| Write et al. (2016) [11] | 60 | 12 weeks | (i) group acupuncture (20) | 64.7 (7.7) | Needle insertion
Needle insertion +electrical stimulation | Up to 8 common points | Primary outcome
(WOMAC)
Secondary outcome
(EQ-5D, OKS, NSAIDs taking) |
| (ii) individual acupuncture (20) | 65.1 (9.9) |
| (iii) control (20) | 64.9 (10.8) | Education | |
Berman et al.
(2004) [12] | 570 | 26 weeks | (i) acupuncture (190) | 65.2(8.4) | Needle insertion + electrical stimulation | GB34, SP9, ST36, ST35, EX-LE5, UB60, GB39, SP6, KID3 | Primary outcome
(WOMAC)
Secondary outcome
(SF-36; patient global assessment;
6-minute walk time) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (191) | 66.2 (8.7) | Nonpenetrating needle | Same acupoints |
| (iii) control (189) | 65.1 (8.8) | Arthritis education | |
Witt et al.
(2005) [13] | 300 | 8 weeks | (i) acupuncture (150) | 64·5 (6·4) | Needle insertion | ST34, ST35, ST36; SP9, SP10; BL40; KID 10; GB33, GB34; LIV8 | Primary outcome
(WOMAC)
Secondary outcome
(VAS; PDI; SF-36; SES; HAD) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (76) | 63.4 (6.6) | Needle insertion | non-acupoints |
| (iii) control (74) | 63.6 (6.7) | Previous usual care | |
Witt et al.
(2006) [14] | 712 | 3 months | (i) acupuncture (357) | 60.6 (10.2) | Needle insertion | Selected by physician | Primary outcome (WOMAC)
Secondary outcome (SF-36) |
| (ii) control (355) | 61.9 (10.6) | Previous usual care | |
Foster et al.
(2007) [15] | 352 | 12 months | (i) acupuncture +advice & exercise (117) | 63.1 (8.7) | Needle insertion + advice and exercise | SP9, SP10, ST34, ST35, ST36, EX-LE5, GB34, trigger points. | Primary outcome (WOMAC-pain)
Secondary outcome
(WOMAC; participant global assessment) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture +advice & exercise (119) | 62.8 (9.4) | Non-penetrating needle + advice & exercise | Same acupoints |
| (iii) control (116) | 63.8 (8.3) | Previous usual care | |
Williamson et al.
(2007) [16] | 181 | 6 weeks | (i) acupuncture (60) | 72.4 (7.71) | Needles insertion | SP10, EX-LE5, ST35, ST36, SP9, GB34, LIV3 | Primary outcome (OKS)
Secondary outcome
(WOMAC; VAS; HAD); |
| (ii) physiotherapy (60) | 70.0 (8.79) | Exercises | |
| (iii) control (61) | 69.6 (10) | Advice | |
Berman et al.
(1999) [17] | 73 | 12 weeks | (i) acupuncture (37) | 65.7 (7.95) | Needle insertion + electrical stimulation | GB34, SP9, ST36, ST35, EX-LE5, UB60, GB39, SP6, KID3 | WOMAC
Lequesne indices |
| (ii) control (36) | 65.5 (9.13) | Previous usual care | |
Chen et al.
(2013) [18] | 213 | 12 weeks | (i) acupuncture (104) | 60.5 (11.1) | Needle insertion | GB34, SP9, ST 36, ST 35, EX-LE5 | Primary outcome (WOMAC)
Secondary outcome (BPI; SF-36; Patient Global Impression of ChangeL; 6-min walk distance |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (109) | 60.4 (11.7) | Non-penetrating needle | Same acupoints |
| Mavrommatis et al. (2012) [19] | 120 | 8 weeks | (i) acupuncture (40) | 62.3 (9.9) | Needle insertion + etoricoxib | ST36, SP9, SP10, GB34, EX-LE 2, Ex-LE5 | Primary outcome (WOMAC)
Secondary outcome
(SF-36; VAS; Algometer) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (40) | 60.1(11.1) | Non-penetrating needle + etoricoxib | Same acupoints |
| (iii) control (40) | 63 (10.6) | Etoricoxib only | |
Jubb et al.
(2008) [20] | 68 | 5 weeks | (i) acupuncture (34) | 64.1 (1.6) | Needle insertion | LI4, SP10, Ex-LE5, SP9, GB34, ST 36, LIV 3, BL 40, BL 57. | Primary outcome (WOMAC-pain)
Secondary outcome (WOMAC; VAS) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (34) | 66.1 (1.9) | Non-penetrating needle | Same acupoints |
Scharf et al.
(2007) [21] | 1039 | 26 weeks | (i) acupuncture (330) | 62.8 (9.9) | Needle insertion | ST34, ST36, EX-LE5, SP9, SP10, GB34 | Primary outcome
(WOMAC)
Secondary outcome
(SF-12; global patient assessment) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (367) | 63.0 (10.1) | Non-penetrating needle | Non-acupoints |
| (iii) control (342) | 62.6 (10.1) | Previous usual care | |
| Manheimer et al. (2006) [22] | 570 | 26 weeks | (i) acupuncture (190) | 65.2 (8.4) | Needle insertion | GB34, SP9, ST36, ST35 BL60, GB39, SP6, KI3 | Primary outcome
(WOMAC-pain & function)
Secondary outcome
(patient global assessment; 6-minute walk distance; SF-36) |
| (ii) sham acupuncture (190) | 66.2 (8.7) | Non-penetrating needle | Same acupoints |
| (iii) control (190) | 65.1 (8.8) | Education | |
| Kim et al. (2014) [23] | 212 | 13 weeks | (i) moxibustion (102) | 56 () | Burn moxibustion cone | ST36, ST35, ST34, SP9, Ex-LE5, SP10 | Primary outcome (WOMAC; SF-36; BDI; physical performance) |
| (ii) control (110) | 57 () | Previous usual care | | Secondary outcome (C-reactive protein; Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| Ren et al. (2011) [24] | 59 | 6 weeks | (i) moxibustion (31) | 64.03 (7.2) | Burn moxibustion cone | EX-LE 5, ST35, trigger points
Same acupoints | WOMAC; temperature |
| (ii) sham moxibustion (28) | 62.57 (8.12) | Burn non-moxibustion cone |
| Zhao et al. (2009) [25] | 40 | 4 weeks | (i) laser acupuncture (20) | 60.10 (6.83 ) | Laser stimulation on acupoint | ST 35 | Primary outcome (WOMAC)
Secondary outcome (patient global assessment; medication usage; masking effectiveness; adverse effect) |
| (ii) sham laser acupuncture (20) | 59.40 (6.15) | Laser intervention on non-acupoint | 2 cm from ST35 |
| Yurtkuran et al. (2007) [26] | 55 | 2 weeks | (i) laser acupuncture (27) | 51.83 ± 6.83 | Laser stimulation | SP9 | Primary outcome
(VAS; 50 foot w; KC; MTS; WOMAC)
Secondary outcome (Quality of life) |
| (ii) sham laser acupuncture (26) | 53.48 (7.13) | Red light stimulation | Same acupoints |
|
