Warm Steam Inhalation before Bedtime Improved Sleep Quality in Adult Men

Table 5

Courses of sleep EEG power in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands in the sham and steam-inhalation conditions.

Normalized EEG	First NREM-REM cycle			Second NREM-REM cycle			Third NREM-REM cycle
	Sham	Steam		Sham	Steam		Sham	Steam
Delta (%) (1–4 Hz)	89.6 ± 36.0	121.0 ± 45.1	0.039	105.7 ± 34.5	103.5 ± 31.3	0.972	101.3 ± 45.9	93.2 ± 22.6	0.552
Theta (%) (4–8 Hz)	90.9 ± 40.1	125.1 ± 58.0	0.028	145.0 ± 44.2	135.9 ± 87.2	0.421	150.2 ± 71.6	187.8 ± 95.7	0.422
Alpha (%) (8–12 Hz)	73.8 ± 32.6	98.2 ± 44.4	0.064	104.8 ± 33.9	104.5 ± 36.0	0.917	95.2 ± 42.0	94.2 ± 23.1	0.807
Beta (%) (16–35 Hz)	70.7 ± 36.1	94.7 ± 61.2	0.075	95.7 ± 34.9	98.6 ± 39.5	0.861	106.3 ± 46.8	101.2 ± 32.3	0.753

Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations. Comparisons are relative to the sham condition (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).