Panax ginseng Inhibits Metabolism of Diester Alkaloids by Downregulating CYP3A4 Enzyme Activity via the Pregnane X Receptor

Table 3

Effect of P. ginseng on the pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide on day 7 after administration.

Parameters/unit	Control	P. ginseng-L	P. ginseng-M	P. ginseng-H
/mg^.L^-1.h	263.69 ± 21.75	236.95 ± 30.48	259.24 ± 33.53	287.59 ± 52.61
/mg^.L^-1.h	273.05 ± 25.6	265.70 ± 28.38	288.31 ± 35.17	314.43 ± 59.49
/h	4.86 ± 0.80	7.71 ± 2.71	7.59 ± 2.24	6.93 ± 1.00
/mg^.L^−1	0.42 ± 0.46	0.08 ± 0.00	0.08 ± 0.00	0.24 ± 0.15
/L^.h^-1.kg^−1	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00
/mg^.L^−1	38.71 ± 5.56	38.76 ± 9.51	55.91 ± 7.86	42.96 ± 7.88

Note: compared with the control group, < 0.05; < 0.01.