Metabolic and Epigenetic Action Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants

Figure 6

Protein targets for antidiabetic drugs and their mechanisms of action. Details for the targeted effect on these enzymes by antidiabetic phytochemicals are discussed in the main text. PDB: protein data bank file; PTP1B: protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B; GFAT: glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase; GlcNAc: N-acetyl-glucosamine; 17β-HSD1: 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1; 11β-HSD1: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1; T2DM: type II diabetes mellitus; SIRT6: sirtuin 6; GLUTs: glucose transporters; HIF1-α: hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha.