Nimbolide Represses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Bladder Carcinoma Cells via Chk2-Mediated G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest, Altered Signaling Pathways, and Reduced Transcription Factors-Associated MMP-9 Expression

Figure 1

Nimbolide suppresses the proliferation of bladder cancer EJ and 5637 cells. (a) Both cell lines were treated with various concentrations of nimbolide for 12 h, followed by cell counting assay. (b) MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability. (c) Cellular morphology was viewed under a phase contrast microscope at 40 ×. Values in the bar graphs represent the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments; P < 0.05, compared with the control group.

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