Design, Preparation, and Characterization of Dioscin Nanosuspensions and Evaluation of Their Protective Effect against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

Table 1

Screening of freeze-drying protectants.

Type	Sensory evaluation	Size (nm)	PDI	Zeta (mv)
Lactose	White powder: shows collapse and shrinkage, uneven color, and poor dispersion.	123.5 ± 0.61	0.278 ± 0.003	−23.2 ± 2.25
Glucose	White powder: shows collapse and shrinkage, uneven color, and poor dispersion	2200 ± 521.85	1 ± 0.001	−42.3 ± 1.86
Sucrose	White powder: shows collapse and shrinkage, uneven color, and poor dispersion.	1195.7 ± 382.27	0.586 ± 0.075	−51.4 ± 5.41
D-sorbitol	White powder: shows collapse and shrinkage, uneven color, and poor dispersion.	172.4 ± 6.99	0.271 ± 0.023	−52.6 ± 2.68
Mannitol	White powder: shows no collapse or shrinkage, uniform color, and good dispersion.	223 ± 1.56	0.273 ± 0.055	−59.1 ± 0.38

(n = 3, Mean ± SEM).