Acupuncture Differentially Affects the High-Frequency Spectral Energy in Radial Pulse Positions Depending on Type of Lower Back Pain

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study participants with lower back pain.

Baseline characteristics	Number	Percentage
Total number of patients	41
Gender
Female	29	70.7
Male	12	29.3
Age (years)
20–44	20	48.8
45–64	16	39.0
65–75	5	12.2
Types of LBP
Fixed, distended, or sharp pain (Group 1)	18	43.9
Acute (<4 weeks)	11
Subacute (4–12 weeks)	2
Chronic (>12 weeks)	5
Dull, aching pain (Group 2)	23	56.1
Acute (<4 weeks)	8
Subacute (4–12 weeks)	1
Chronic (>12 weeks)	14
ODI
Minimal disability	24	58.5
Moderate disability	13	31.7
Severe disability	4	9.8
CCMQ
Balanced constitution	23	56.1
Nonbalanced constitution (Qi-deficient, Yang-deficient, Yin-deficient, Phlegm-dampness, Damp-heat, Stagnant blood, Stagnant Qi, and Inherited Special Constitutions)	18	43.9

ODI: Oswestry Disability Index; CCMQ: Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire.