Effects of Royal Jelly Administration on Lipid Profile, Satiety, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Capacity in Asymptomatic Overweight Adults

Table 6

Hormones in asymptomatic subjects before and after intervention.

	Leptin (ng/mL)		BDNF (pg/mL)		NPY (pg/mL)		Cortisol (μg/dL)
	Placebo	Royal jelly	Placebo	Royal jelly	Placebo	Royal jelly	Placebo	Royal jelly
Initial	53.8±36.3	56.6±40.5	1823±495	1712±674	24.4±6.7	27.2±5.9	3.25±2.10	3.17±1.58
Week 4	52.8±34.4	60.8±42.4	1680±480	1680±610	25.8±7.4	26.8±6.4	3.58±1.84	3.46±1.81
Week 8	49.9±31.9	66.3±45.8	1812±476	1797±625	35.4±7.5	31.3±6.5	3.23±1.77	3.57±1.84
F/U	49.3±29.3	64.0±46.2	1842±510	1865±895	30.0±8.0	33.6±5.1	3.52±2.00	3.59±1.60

Abbreviations. BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; F/U: follow-up; NPY: neuropeptide Y.
Values are expressed as means ± SD.
P-value denotes significant (P<0.05) difference between the change from baseline on royal jelly vs. placebo.
P-value denotes significant (P<0.05) difference as compared with the initial within group using a paired t-test.