Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy with Risk of Total Hip Replacement in Patients with Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Table 3
Incidence and Cox proportional hazard regression with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for total hip replacement in TCM users and non-TCM users, stratified by sex, age, and socioeconomic status.
Variable
Traditional Chinese Medicine used
Crude HR
Adjusted HR‡
Non-TCM user
TCM User
Event
Person years
IR†
Event
Person years
IR†
Total
151
2098.05
71.97
108
2958.02
36.51
0.59(0.46–0.76)
0.60(0.46–0.77)
Sex
Female
43
564.26
76.21
32
719.87
44.45
0.63(0.40–1.00)
0.60(0.37–0.98)
Male
108
1533.79
70.41
76
2238.15
33.96
0.58(0.43–0.78)
0.64(0.47–0.86)
Age group
18–29
10
136.68
73.16
3
205.69
14.59
0.21(0.06–0.77)
0.35(0.07–1.66)
30–59
115
1420.76
80.94
76
1948.21
39.01
0.57(0.43–0.77)
0.56(0.42–0.76)
≥60
26
540.61
48.09
29
804.11
36.06
0.86(0.50–1.45)
1.00(0.58–1.72)
Socioeconomic status
Fixed premium and dependent
84
1220.55
68.82
60
1673.11
35.86
0.61(0.44–0.85)
0.58(0.41–0.81)
Insured salary grading above fixed premium
67
973.53
74.55
48
1338.49
39.82
0.63(0.45–0.88)
0.53(0.34–0.83)
Abbreviations. TCM: traditional Chinese medicine; † IR: incidence rates, per 1,000 person-years; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval. Adjusted HR ‡ represented adjusted hazard ratio: mutually adjusted for TCM use, sex, age, socioeconomic status, comorbidities, drug used, and treatment in Cox proportional hazard regression. p<0.01; p<0.001; p<0.0001.
