Phytomedicines Used for Diabetes Mellitus in Ghana: A Systematic Search and Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

Table 3

Reported in vitro studies of plants used for the management of diabetes mellitus in Ghana.

Scientific Name	Part used	Mode of action	Reference
Abelmoschus esculentus	Okra pod	α-amylase inhibitory activity	[27]
Abelmoschus esculentus	Peel and Seed	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[28]
Alstonia boonei	Stem bark, flower	α- glucosidase, α- amylase inhibitory activity	[29]
Anogeissus leiocarpus	Leaves	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[30]
Cassia auriculata	Seed, Whole plant	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[31]
Cassia siamea	Leaves	α-glucosidase inhibitory activity	[32]
Catharanthus roseus	Leaves	alkaloid (vindolicine) exerted high hypoglyceamic activity	[33]
Clausena anisata	Leaves	inhibition on α-amylase and G-6-Pase activity	[34, 35]
Costus afer Ker-Gawl	Leaf, Stem and Rhizome	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[36]
Cyperus esculentus	Tuber	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[37]
Ehretia cymosa	Leaves	competitive and non-competitive inhibition on α-amylase and α- glucosidase respectively	[38]
Ipomoea sepiaria Koenig Ex. Roxb	Leaves	anti-hyperglycemic property	[39]
Launaea taraxacifolia	Leaves	α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[40]
Mangifera indica	Leaves	Exerts insulin like action	[41]
Mangifera indica	Leaves	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[42]
Mimosa pudica	Aerial part	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[43]
Mimosa pudica	Whole Plant	α-amylase inhibitory activity	[44]
Moringa oleifera	Leaves	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[45]
Myrianthus arboreus	Stem bark	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[46]
Ocimum canum	Leaves	increase insulin release from β-islet cells	[47]
Scoparia dulcis	Ariel part	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[48]
Securinega Virosa	Root	anti-hyperglyceamic activity	[49]
Sida acuta	Leaves	α-amylase inhibitory activity	[50]
Strychnos spinosa	Leaves	α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[40]
Khaya senegalensis	Stem bark, Root and Leaves	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[51]
Zingiber officinale	Rhizome	α-amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity	[52]