Review Article
The Effect of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on Heart Function in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 2
Details of the included studies.
| | Author | Outcomes | Intergroup difference | Study group | Control group | Mean difference | | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | MD [95% CI] |
| | Arnt V. Kristen | LVEF | | 2 (11.53) | 1 (10.49) | 1 [−9.47; 11.47] | | 6MWT | | 42 (154.05) | −5 (171) | 47 [−118.66; 212.66] |
| | Qiusheng Xiao | HR | | −21.1 (18.58) | −18.6 (19.44) | −2.5 [−12.12; 7.12] | | CI | | 1.3 (0.46) | 0.9 (0.43) | 0.4 [0.17; 0.63] | | MAP | | −13.2 (16.11) | −12.5 (16.2) | −0.7 [−8.88; 7.48] | | SI | | 18.2 (6.24) | 13.5 (6.27) | 4.7 [1.53; 7.87] |
| | Jiren Zhou | CO | | 0.82 (0.52) | −0.16 (0.47) | 0.98 [0.42; 1.54] | | SV | | 8.25 (5.09) | −3.68 (4.42) | 11.93 [6.52; 17.34] | | CI | | 0.46 (0.41) | −0.16 (0.36) | 0.62 [0.18; 1.06] |
| | Holly R. | HR | | 0 (14.53) | 1 (16.54) | −1 [−14.65; 12.65] | | MAP | | −1 (10.54) | 2 (9.29) | −3 [−11.71; 5.71] |
| | Na Li | BNP | | −1481.81 (459.14) | −1252.19 (397.87) | −229.62 [−447.02; −12.22] | | CRP | | −11.99 (1.29) | −9.59 (1.12) | −2.4 [−3.01; −1.79] | | 6MWT | | 157.28 (67) | 133.57 (64.56) | 23.71 [−9.59; 57.01] |
| | Jinling Zhao | NT-proBNP | | −1892.24 (752.62) | −1406.51 (683.93) | −485.73 [−822.64; −148.82] |
| | Yanqin Sun | 6MWT | | 95.18 (76.89) | 53.4 (73.52) | 41.78 [14.86; 68.70] |
| | Peng Deng | LVEF | | 4.59 (7.73) | 3.69 (7.21) | 0.9 [−2.38; 4.18] | | BNP | | −482.77 (312.8) | −147 (300.02) | −335.77 [−470.09; −201.45] | | 6MWT | | 75.63 (28.52) | 40 (27.95) | 35.63 [23.26; 48.00] |
| | Jing Wang | HR | | −15 (7.55) | −12 (9.03) | −3 [−7.21; 1.21] | | CO | | 1.6 (0.61) | 1 (0.56) | 0.6 [0.30; 0.90] | | LVEF | | 17.5 (8.12) | 8.6 (7.92) | 8.9 [4.84; 12.96] |
| | Yongjian Wen | BNP | | −224.25 (147.15) | −135.54 (234.49) | −88.71 [−155.00; −22.42] | | HR | | −4.11 (3.63) | −1.94 (3.41) | −2.17 [−7.21; 1.21] | | LVEF | | 8.74 (10.02) | 5.27 (10.18) | 3.47 [0.05; 6.89] | | LVEDD | | −3.03 (8.02) | −2.15 (7.82) | −0.88 [−3.56; 1.80] |
| | Xin li | HR | | −13.48 (8.2) | −6.93 (7.86) | −6.55 [−10.31; −2.79] | | NT-proBNP | | −1980.53 (243.87) | −1418.11 (211.46) | −562.42 [−669.36; −455.48] | | CO | | 1.21 (0.37) | 0.91 (0.41) | 0.3 [0.12; 0.48] | | LVEF | | 13.11 (6.7) | 7.67 (6.96) | 5.44 [2.24; 8.64] |
| | Dongqun Lin | CO | | 2.36 (0.68) | 0.28 (0.63) | 2.08 [1.75; 2.41] | | CI | | 1.62 (0.44) | 0.55 (0.55) | 1.07 [0.82; 1.32] | | SV | | 24.23 (4.6) | 10.37 (4.52) | 13.86 [11.59; 16.13] |
| | Xiaofeng Zheng | NT-proBNP | | −1953.16 (1358.15) | −1162.14 (1226.07) | −791.02 [−1456.95; −125.09] |
| | Weidong Huang | EF | | 11.91 (5.06) | 9 (3.53) | 8.38 [5.09; 11.67] | | E/A | | 0.23 (0.22) | 0.01 (0.19) | 0.22 [0.09; 0.35] |
| | Leiqun Cheng | LVEDD | | −5.39 (4.94) | −1.76 (4.98) | −3.63 [−5.57; −1.69] | | LVEF | | 11.77 (4.74) | 6.01 (4.81) | 5.76 [3.89; 7.63] | | E/A | | 0.19 (0.17) | 0.09 (0.17) | 0.1 [0.03; 0.17] | | hsCRP | | −1.66 (1.65) | −0.84 (1.59) | −0.82 [−1.45; −0.19] |
| | Wei Gao | BNP | | −379.27 (57.09) | −216.85 (51.26) | −162.42 [−186.20; −138.64] |
| | Ziyong Li | HR | | −22.2 (18.62) | −18.6 (19.52) | −3.6 [−15.51; 8.31] | | MAP | | −14.2 (16.17) | −12.5 (16.29) | −1 [−9.95; 7.95] | | SI | | 19.2 (6.21) | 13.5 (6.21) | 5.7 [1.83; 9.57] | | CI | | 1.3 (0.38) | 0.95 (0.39) | 0.35 [0.11; 0.59] | | NT-proBNP | | −6162.7 (599.57) | −5666.3 (541.43) | −496.4 [−850.42; −142.38] |
| | Chunbai Lai | LVEF | | 20.8 (7.36) | 10.9 (7.59) | 9.9 [6.72; 13.08] |
| | Lin Wang | LVEF | | 23.6 (4.31) | 12.4 (4.76) | 11.2 [9.96; 12.44] | | CO | | 1.8 (0.36) | 0.6 (0.45) | 1.2 [1.09; 1.31] |
| | Yanli Rong | HR | | −15.1 (7.69) | −11.1 (9.34) | −4 [−7.75; −0.25] | | CO | | 1.6 (0.44) | 0.8 (0.69) | 0.8 [0.55; 1.05] | | LVEF | | 17.5 (8.28) | 9.2 (7.97) | 8.3 [4.74; 11.86] |
| | Lisha Mai | 6MWT | | 119 (21) | 73 (19.07) | 46 [37.14; 54.86] |
| | Qimei Zhang | EF | | 10.11 (5.97) | 4.73 (5.75) | 5.38 [2.41; 8.35] | | HR | | −25.7 (7.69) | −19 (7.75) | −6.7 [−10.61; −2.79] | | LVESV | | −0.84 (88.2) | 22.7 (23.13) | −23.54 [−56.17; 9.09] | | SV | | 27.1 (9.51) | 12.64 (10.46) | 14.46 [9.40; 19.52] |
| | Zhaojia Chen | BNP | | −201.89 (212.48) | 432.67 (244.77) | −634.56 [−716.57; −552.55] | | HR | | −4.11 (2.68) | −1.93 (3.97) | −2.18 [−3.39; −0.97] |
| | Jingjuan Yu | BNP | | −330.6 (336.92) | −261.6 (330.84) | −69 [−215.33; 77.33] |
| | Dongmei Liu | LVESV | | 20.69 (105.57) | −1.21 (21.32) | 21.9 [−18.25; 62.05] | | LVEF | | 12.38 (11.75) | 2.13 (11.7) | 10.25 [3.61; 16.89] |
| | Yongchang Ma | LVEDD | | −13.33 (4.49) | −5.18 (4.7) | −8.15 [−10.16; −6.14] | | CO | | 1.31 (1.83) | 0.08 (2.03) | 1.23 [0.38; 2.08] | | EF | | 13.18 (3.36) | 4.01 (3.91) | 9.17 [7.57; 10.77] |
| | Yanna Lei | EF | | 9.3 (4.75) | 1.4 (5.05) | 7.9 [5.42; 10.38] |
| | Xingliang Fan | EF | | 7.83 (6.85) | 5.08 (7.98) | 2.75 [−0.85; 6.35] | | NT-proBNP | | −1461.11 (1567.87) | −1078.51 (1503.52) | −382.6 [−1123.62; 358.42] |
| | Yong Zhi | EF | | 14.1 (6.29) | 8.1 (6.1) | 6 [3.62; 8.38] | | BNP | | −4755 (70.42) | −4668.5 (67.18) | −86.5 [−112.95; −60.05] |
| | Chunying Si | hsCRP | | −3.28 (1.93) | −1.67 (2.34) | −1.61 [−3.10; −0.12] | | 6MWT | | 63 (66.09) | 29 (74.67) | 34 [−14.86; 82.86] | | EF | | 16.02 (3.13) | 7.54 (3.54) | 8.48 [6.16; 10.80] | | SV | | 15.72 (3.57) | 5.25 (3.29) | 10.47 [8.09; 12.85] | | CO | | 1.45 (0.35) | 0.34 (0.33) | 1 [0.87; 1.35] | | CI | | 0.59 (0.3) | 0.45 (0.31) | 0.14 [−0.07; 0.35] |
| | Haifeng Zhou | EF | | 6.09 (3.85) | 4.69 (3.73) | 1.4 [0.01; 2.79] |
| | Minyong Gan | 6MWT | | 211 (42.23) | 156.6 (38.3) | 54.4 [39.05; 69.75] |
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LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction. LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension. LVESV: left ventricular end-systolic volume. CO: cardiac output. SV: stroke volume. SI: stroke index CI: cardiac index. MAP: mean arterial pressure. BNP: brain natriuretic peptide. TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α. hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. 6MWT: six-minute walking test. Acu: acupuncture. Mox: moxibustion.
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