The Relationship between Cold Hypersensitivity in the Hands and Feet and Health-Related Quality of Life in Koreans: A Nationwide Population Survey
Table 1
Participants’ general characteristics.
Category
2013
2015
P-value
Total
Sex
Male
545
545
0.983
1090 (49.5)
Female
556
556
1111 (50.5)
Age (years)
20–29
183 (16.6)
194 (17.6)
0.852
377 (17.1)
30–39
224 (20.3)
204 (18.5)
428 (19.4)
40–49
243 (22.1)
234 (21.3)
477 (21.7)
50–59
217 (19.7)
218 (19.8)
435 (19.8)
60–69
120 (10.9)
130 (11.8)
250 (11.4)
Over 70
114 (10.4)
120 (10.9)
234 (10.6)
Mean
46.4 ± 15.3
46.6 ± 15.6
0.731
46.5 ± 15.4
Body mass index (kg/m2)
23.2 ± 3.0
23.2 ± 2.8
0.937
23.2 ± 2.9
Drinking
Current drinker
961 (87.3)
720 (65.5)
< 0.001
1681 (76.4)
Not drinking
140 (12.7)
380 (34.5)
520 (23.6)
Smoking
Current smoker
293 (26.6)
275 (25.0)
0.387
568 (25.8)
Not smoking
808 (73.4)
825 (75.0)
1633 (74.2)
Marital status
With spouse
814 (74.0)
777 (70.6)
0.078
1591 (72.3)
Without spouse
286 (26.0)
323 (29.4)
609 (27.7)
Income
Under 200
199 (18.2)
142 (12.9)
0.001
341 (15.5)
200–300
219 (20.0)
187 (17.0)
406 (18.5)
300–400
299 (27.3)
325 (29.5)
624 (28.4)
400–500
167 (15.3)
184 (16.7)
351 (16.0)
Over 500
211 (19.3)
262 (23.8)
473 (21.5)
Occupation
Office
219 (19.9)
253 (23.0)
0.130
472 (21.4)
Service
390 (35.4)
394 (35.8)
784 (35.6)
Others
492 (44.7)
453 (41.2)
945 (42.9)
Education
≤ Middle school
208 (19.0)
162 (14.7)
0.017
370 (16.9)
High school
420 (38.4)
466 (42.4)
886 (40.4)
≥ University
466 (42.6)
472 (42.9)
938 (42.8)
Hands score
3.5 ± 1.6
3.4 ± 1.5
0.413
3.4±1.6
Feet score
3.5 ± 1.6
3.5 ± 1.5
0.973
3.5±1.6
Abdomen score
3.6 ± 1.5
3.6 ± 1.4
0.627
3.6±1.4
Total
1101 (50.0)
1100 (50.0)
2201 (100)
Data are shown as n (%) or the mean ± standard deviation. P values were calculated by chi-square test or Student’s t-test “Current drinker” was defined as alcohol consumption at least once a month; “Not drinking” was defined as alcohol consumption less than once a month. Average monthly household income (unit: 10,000 KRW) “Office” includes administrative, professional, and clerical work; “Service” includes service and sales industries; “Others” includes skilled or machine work, labour, agriculture and forestry, fishing, and unemployment.
