Antibacterial and Antibiotic Modifying Potential of Crude Extracts, Fractions, and Compounds from Acacia polyacantha Willd. against MDR Gram-Negative Bacteria
Table 5
Antibiotic resistance modulatory activity of 3-O-[β-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-galactopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid (7) against MDR Gram-negative bacteria.
Antibiotics
Extract concentration
Bacteria, MIC (μg/mL) and modulating factors of compound 7 (in bracket)
ATCC8739
AG102
ATCC13048
CM64
KP55
KP63
PA124
NEA16
PBS (%)
ERY
0
128
256
256
256
256
256
256
256
MIC/2
256 (0.5)
128 (2)
128 (2)
128 (2)
64 (4)
128 (2)
64 (2)
256 (1)
75
MIC/4
256 (0.5)
64 (4)
128 (2)
128 (2)
128 (2)
128 (2)
64 (2)
128 (2)
87.5
CLX
0
256
1024
> 1024
> 1024
1024
512
> 1024
> 1024
MIC/2
512 (0.5)
> 1024 (> 1)
1024 (1)
> 1024 (≥ 1)
512 (2)
128 (4)
> 1024 (≥ 1)
> 1024 (≥ 1)
37.5
MIC/4
512 (0.5)
1024 (1)
1024 (1)
> 1024 (≥ 1)
128 (8)
> 1024 (> 0.5)
> 1024 (≥ 1)
1024 (1)
37.5
KAN
0
16
16
< 2
16
4
64
8
64
MIC/2
128 (0.125)
128 (0.125)
< 2 (≤ 1)
< 2 (> 8)
< 2 (> 2)
16 (4)
16 (0.5)
16 (4)
50
MIC/4
128 (0.125)
64 (0.25)
< 2 (≤ 1)
< 2 (> 8)
< 2 (> 2)
256 (025)
16 (0.5)
4 (16)
37.5
GEN
0
32
16
16
16
256
32
128
256
MIC/2
64 (0.5)
> 256 (> 0.062)
4 (4)
< 2 (> 8)
< 2 (128)
16 (2)
256 (0.5)
4 (64)
62.5
MIC/4
256 (0.125)
> 256 (0.062)
4 (4)
< 2 (> 8)
< 2 (128)
256 (0.125)
256 (0.5)
4 (64)
50
DOX
0
< 1
4
16
16
4
8
64
32
MIC/2
< 1 (≤ 1)
8 (0.5)
16 (1)
16 (1)
4 (1)
2 (4)
32 (2)
16 (2)
37.5
MIC/4
4 (0.25)
4 (1)
16 (1)
16 (1)
4 (1)
2 (4)
32 (2)
16 (2)
37.5
CHL
0
2
32
16
256
64
32
256
64
MIC/2
2 (1)
32 (1)
16 (1)
256 (1)
64 (1)
32 (1)
256 (1)
64 (1)
0
MIC/4
2 (1)
16 (2)
16 (1)
256 (1)
64 (1)
16 (2)
256 (1)
64 (1)
25
NOR
0
4
8
32
32
8
8
64
32
MIC/2
64 (0.062)
32 (0.25)
16 (2)
32 (1)
64 (0.125)
8 (1)
32 (2)
32 (1)
25
MIC 4
64 (0.062)
32 (0.25)
32 (1)
32 (1)
32 (0.25)
8 (1)
32 (2)
32 (1)
12.5
CIP
0
< 0.5
1
8
8
< 0.5
1
64
8
MIC/2
2 (0.25)
8 (0.125)
1 (8)
8 (1)
8 (0.062)
4 (0.25)
32 (2)
4 (2)
37.5
MIC/4
8 (0.062)
4 (0.25)
2 (4)
8 (1)
2 (0.25)
4 (0.25)
32 (2)
4 (2)
37.5
ERY: erythromycin; CLX: cloxacillin; KAN: kanamycin; GEN: gentamycin; DOX: doxyciclin; CHL: chloramphenicol; NOR: norfloxacin; CIP: ciprofloxacin; bacterial strains: Escherichia coli (AG102, ATCC8739); Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC13048, CM64); Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP55, KP63); P. aeruginosa PA124; Providencia stuartii NEA16; PBS: percentage of bacteria strain on which synergism has been observed. (): ameliorating factor of the antibiotics after association with compound 7; S: synergy; I: indifference; a: antagonist; values in bold: case of synergy [19, 20].
