A Review of Potential Beneficial Effects of Honey on Bone Health

Figure 1

Potential effects of honey on bone health. Menopause and ageing give rise to oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation, which cause bone loss. Phytochemical components found in honey, such as quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, and ascorbic acid, exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting activation of MAPK pathway and NF-κB signalling, respectively. This action will prevent the formation of osteoclasts and favour bone formation by osteoblasts, subsequently preserving bone density.