Efficacy of Brazilian Propolis Supplementation for Japanese Lactating Women for Atopic Sensitization and Nonspecific Symptoms in Their Offspring: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Table 1
Patients’ characteristicsa.
Propolis,
Placebo,
Medical institution, n (%)
Fuji City General Hospital
9 (22.5)
7 (17.5)
Atsugi City Hospital
1 (2.5)
3 (7.5)
Segawa Clinic
10 (25.0)
9 (22.5)
Kapibara & Alpaca Kids Clinic
20 (50.0)
21 (52.5)
Perinatal factor
Gestational weeks
Median (IQR)
39 (38–40)
39 (38–40)
Caesarean section, n (%)
3 (8)
4 (11)
Infant factor
Months of age at randomization
Median (IQR)
3.8 (2.9–5.5)
3.8 (2.9–5.5)
Birthweight (g)
Mean (SD)
3074 (295)
3063 (406)
Maternal factor
Maternal age (years)
Mean (SD)
33.8 (5.2)
32.5 (7.0)
Maternal body mass index (kg/m2)
Mean (SD)
21.0 (2.5)
20.8 (2.3)
Maternal current atopic disease, n (%)
Asthma
3 (7.9)
1 (2.6)
Atopic dermatitis
6 (16)
6 (16)
Food allergy
6 (16)
4 (11)
Allergic rhinitis
19 (50)
13 (34)
Pollen allergy
26 (68)
25 (66)
Maternal past atopic disease, n (%)
Asthma
6 (17)
4 (12)
Atopic dermatitis
11 (31)
5 (15)
Food allergy
3 (8.6)
2 (5.9)
Allergic rhinitis
8 (23)
3 (8.8)
Pollen allergy
7 (20)
4 (12)
Paternal current atopic disease, n (%)
Asthma
2 (5.3)
2 (5.3)
Atopic dermatitis
3 (7.9)
5 (13)
Food allergy
2 (5.3)
4 (11)
Allergic rhinitis
7 (18)
8 (21)
Pollen allergy
21 (55)
15 (39)
Paternal past atopic disease, n (%)
Asthma
4 (12)
5 (14)
Atopic dermatitis
8 (24)
5 (14)
Food allergy
3 (9.1)
2 (5.7)
Allergic rhinitis
2 (6.1)
2 (5.7)
Pollen allergy
7 (20)
4 (12)
aDue to rounding, total percentages are not always 100.
