|
| Studies (year) | Diagnostic criteria | Mean age (years) (T/C) | Course of disease (T/C) (y, years; m, months; d, days) | Cases (T/C) | Intervention | Treatment time | Efficacy criteria | Follow-up and AEs |
| Treatment | Control |
|
| Bo et al. (2016) [18] | ICSD-2 | (43.25 ± 9.56)/(47.21 ± 8.31) | (3.15 ± 1.24)/(4.10 ± 1.06) y | 40/40 | W-ACU | Estazolam | 8 weeks | V5 | — |
| Chen et al. (2013) [19] | CCMD-3 | (33 ± 12)/(35 ± 12) | (25.4 ± 26.6)/(33.4 ± 52.3) m | 107/104 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 2 weeks | V4 | 2 weeks, AEs |
| Cheng et al. (2015) [20] | V1 | 52.9/54.1 | (2.7 ± 1.6)/(2.9 ± 1.9) y | 63/61 | S-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Dong et al. (2008) [32] | CCMD-2R | (57.4 ± 9.1)/(58.4 ± 8.6) | (2.7 ± 2.1)/(2.8 ± 2.65) y | 36/35 | S-ACU | C-ACU | 30 days | V1 | — |
| Guan et al. (2013) [21] | ICD-10 | (14 ∼ 65)/(15 ∼ 66) | (1 ∼ 10)/(1 ∼ 10) y | 40/40 | C-ACU | Diazepam + oryzanol + VB1 | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Huang et al. (2011) [33] | CCMD-3 | 40/38 | (17/19) m | 30/30 | S-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Kan et al. (2018) [27] | CCMD-3 | (49.74 ± 8.64)/(48.63 ± 8.44) | (166.42 ± 27.48)/(171.38 ± 36.42) d | 35/35 | W-ACU | Estazolam | 6 weeks | V1 | AEs |
| Kong et al. (2011) [34] | V1 | (30 ∼ 62)/(28 ∼ 64) | (2m ∼ 6 y)/(2m ∼ 7 y) | 54/52 | C-ACU | Diazepam | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Li et al. (2014) [28] | CCMD-3 | 53.5/54.5 | (4.8/6.2) y | 30/30 | E-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Li et al. (2018) [29] | CCMD-3 | (43.07 ± 7.51)/(43.33 ± 7.08) | (5.64 ± 2.24)/(5.96 ± 1.86) m | 30/30 | S-ACU | C-ACU | 4 weeks | V1 | — |
| Liang et al. (2009) [35] | V2 | 42.3/40.8 | (5.6/5.1) y | 40/30 | E + S-ACU | C-ACU | 10 days | V1 | — |
| Liao et al. (2013) [36] | CCMD-2-R | (45.23 ± 14.10)/(43.10 ± 12.16) | (14.27 ± 7.78)/(16.47 ± 7.49) d | 30/30 | E-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V4 | — |
| Liu et al. (2010) [37] | V2 | 42.2/40.5 | (4.5/4.7) y | 30/30 | E + S-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Liu et al. (2013) [38] | CCMD-3 | (36.74 ± 9.31)/(35.66 ± 8.99) | (25.3 ± 7.6)/(25.9 ± 10.3) m | 45/45 | E-ACU | Diazepam | 10 days | V2 | — |
| Liu et al. (2015) [39] | CCMD-3 + ICD-10 | (21 ∼ 70)/(23 ∼ 68) | (3 ∼ 32)/(4 ∼ 34) m | 98/98 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V4 | AEs |
| Luo et al. (2006) [40] | CCMD-3 | (39.53 ± 13.62)/(40.00 ± 13.02) | (34.78 ± 13.25)/(36.23 ± 10.54)m | 32/32 | C-ACU | Clonazepam | 4 weeks | V2, V3 | — |
| Luo et al. (2008) [41] | CCMD-3 | (45.3 ± 4.4)/(46.2 ± 5.1) | (3.1 ± 0.1)/(3.2 ± 0.2) m | 30/30 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V1 | — |
| Pi et al. (2018) [42] | ICD-10 | (43.34 ± 12.28)/(43.45 ± 13.28) | (45.15 ± 14.72)/(48.67 ± 15.94) m | 60/30 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V5 | — |
| Qi et al. (2008) [43] | CCMD-3 | (53.73 ± 15.97)/(58.22 ± 13.82) | (14.63 ± 15.97)/(18.22 ± 13.82) m | 38/38 | C-ACU | Alprazolam | 5 weeks | V4 | AEs |
| Ren et al. (2017) [44] | CCMD-3 | (56.8 ± 9.14)/(56.2 ± 8.69) | (52.1 ± 11.2)/(54.5 ± 12.1) m | 32/32 | C-ACU | Zopiclone | 4 weeks | V5 | AEs |
| Shi et al. (2016) [45] | V1 | (42.51 ± 9.44)/(41.85 ± 9.97) | (19.33 ± 4.71)/(18.51 ± 5.36) m | 39/36 | E + S-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V1 | — |
| Song et al. (2017) [46] | V2 | (46.1 ± 13.7)/(46.5 ± 13.2) | (4.3 ± 1.2)/(4.5 ± 1.1) y | 39/39 | W-ACU | Nitrazepam | 30 days | V1 | — |
| Wang et al. (2006) [47] | CCMD-3 | 16 ∼ 75 | (59.16 ± 73.97)/(65.33 ± 101.33) m | 90/90 | C-ACU | Clonazepam | 4 weeks | V2, V3 | 3 months |
| Wang et al. (2013) [30] | CCMD-3 | (34 ± 5.2)/(36 ± 8.5) | 4 w ∼ 10 y | 25/25 | E + S-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V3 | — |
| Wang et al. (2015) [48] | CCMD-3 + ICD-10 | 38.83 ± 7.04 | 45 d∼2 y | 30/30 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V1 | — |
| Wang et al. (2016a) [49] | CCMD-3 | (53 ± 13.43)/(53 ± 11.37) | (2.35 ± 2.02)/(2.07 ± 1.10) y | 34/34 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V2 | — |
| Wang et al. (2016b) [50] | CCMD-3 | (46.72 ± 9.16)/(47.6 ± 9.09) | (28.50 ± 10.89)/(30.13 ± 9.06) m | 32/30 | W-ACU | Zopiclone | 2 weeks | V5 | 1 month |
| Wang et al. (2016c) [51] | CCMD-3 | 16 ∼ 68 | 3 m ∼ 10 m | 44/44 | E-ACU | C-ACU | 30 days | V1 | 3 months |
| Wang et al. (2016d) [52] | CCMD-3 | 45.3 ± 2.4 | Not mention | 35/35 | W-ACU | C-ACU | 36 days | V1 | — |
| Wang et al. (2018) [53] | CCMD-3 | (46.78 ± 3.96)/(45.99 ± 4.47) | (6.03 ± 1.98)/(6.29 ± 2.14) m | 39/39 | C-ACU | Zolpidem | 4 weeks | V1 | AEs |
| Wu et al. (2014) [54] | ICD-10 | (50.0 ± 14.3)/(50.6 ± 15.4) | (14.9 ± 8.5)/(16.9 ± 9.8) m | 20/20 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V2 | AEs |
| Xu et al. (2014) [55] | CCMD-3 | (38.6 ± 11.5)/(39.5 ± 11.6) | (5.7 ± 3.3)/(5.6 ± 3.2) m | 45/30 | E-ACU | Estazolam | 21 days | V1 | — |
| Xu et al. (2016) [56] | CCMD-3 | 20 ∼ 65 | 1 m ∼ 2 y | 35/35 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 6 weeks | V3 | 1 months |
| Xuan et al. (2007) [57] | ICD-10 | (47.05 ± 10.54)/(51.05 ± 13.27) | (69.75 ± 82.10)/(57.38 ± 48.29) m | 24/22 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 30 days | V5 | — |
| Zhang et al. (2010) [58] | CCMD-3 | (37.2 ± 14.4)/(39.4 ± 13.7) | (13.1 ± 6.9)/(10.5 ± 5.1) m | 28/28 | S-ACU | C-ACU | 30 days | V1 | — |
| Zhang et al. (2015) [59] | V1 | (42 ± 12)/(41 ± 11) | (3.50 ± 2.53)/(3.14 ± 2.55) y | 38/37 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V1, V3 | — |
| Zhao et al. (2018) [60] | CCMD-3 | Not mention | Not mention | 30/30 | E + S-ACU | C-ACU | 8 weeks | V1 | — |
| Zheng et al. (2009) [61] | CCMD-3 | (59 ± 15)/(58 ± 15) | (473.76 ± 1315.12)/(333.67 ± 524.32) d | 46/46 | E-ACU | Estazolam | 20 days | V3 | — |
| Zhou et al. (2010) [62] | CCMD-3 | (35.1 ± 12.9)/(37.4 ± 14.5) | (13.3 ± 6.7)/(10.5 ± 5.1) m | 35/35 | S-ACU | C-ACU | 20 days | V1 | — |
| Zhou et al. (2016) [63] | CCMD-3 | (45.5 ± 12.5)/(44.7 ± 11.8) | Not mention | 33/32 | S-ACU | Estazolam | 2 weeks | V1 | — |
| Zhou et al. (2018) [64] | CCMD-3 + ICD-10 | (49.1 ± 16.7)/(48.7 ± 15.4) | (14.0 ± 10.5)/(14.1 ± 10.4) m | 30/30 | C-ACU | Estazolam | 4 weeks | V1 | — |
| Zhu et al. (2015) [65] | CCMD-3 | (37 ± 4.5)/(35 ± 6.7) | (22.7 ± 23.8)/(30.2 ± 24.4) m | 30/30 | E + S-ACU | Estazolam | 21 days | V1 | — |
|
