Comparison of the Effects of Yokukansan and Yokukansankachimpihange on Glutamate Uptake by Cultured Astrocytes and Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity in Cultured PC12 Cells

Figure 2

Effects of YKS or YKSCH on TD-induced decrease in Glu uptake by cultured astrocytes. Astrocytes were cultured for 5 days in (1) Ctrl: thiamine-containing normal medium, (2) T(−): TD medium, or (3) T(−) medium containing YKS (10–300 μg/mL) or YKSCH (14–420 μg/mL). (a1); (a2) Glu concentration of cultured Glu-containing medium (100 μM) for 5 h. (b1); (b2) Amelioration rate as determined from Glu concentration. (c) 50% effective dose (ED₅₀) as calculated from the regression equation for the amelioration rate. (d) Average ED₅₀ compared between YKS and YKSCH. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM ((a1), (a2), (b1), and (b2): n = 6; (d): n = 5). ^†††P < 0.001 vs. Ctr; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 vs. T(−): one-way ANOVA + Dunnett’s test. ^#P < 0.05 vs. YKS: Student’s t-test.