Acute and 28-Day Repeated-Dose Oral Toxicity Assessment of Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. in Healthy Wistar Rats
Table 1
Biochemical parameters in serum after treatment with selected plant extracts of Abelmoschus moschatus for 28 days.
Normal control
Vehicle corn oil
Vehicle PVP
Hexane extract
Ethyl acetate extract
Butanol extract
Aqueous extract
BUN (mmol/L)
8.12 ± 0.50
6.89 ± 0.89
7.25 ± 0.49
7.84 ± 1.07
7.22 ± 0.49
8.34 ± 0.61
8.37 ± 0.27
Creatinine (μmol/L)
66.39 ± 2.23
55.25 ± 3.51
56.75 ± 2.46
58.87 ± 1.71
54.10 ± 2.79
56.75 ± 2.43
55.47 ± 3.86
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)
5.48 ± 0.14
4.50 ± 0.23
5.16 ± 0.44
4.85 ± 0.43
4.07 ± 0.22a
4.82 ± 0.41
4.89 ± 0.40
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.73 ± 0.08
1.47 ± 0.16
1.56 ± 0.10
1.96 ± 0.08
1.51 ± 0.16
1.72 ± 0.10
1.92 ± 0.11
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.25 ± 0.09
0.86 ± 0.04b
0.88 ± 0.09a
1.00 ± 0.05
1.12 ± 0.11
0.95 ± 0.12
0.96 ± 0.08
Total protein (g/L)
76.11 ± 2.48
75.64 ± 3.61
80.00 ± 3.77
70.08 ± 2.22
70.56 ± 2.87
68.26 ± 1.24
68.65 ± 1.62
AST (U/L)
109.07 ± 12.02
76.7 ± 9.41
76.48 ± 7.11
101.28 ± 14.70
81.94 ± 3.93
66.00 ± 17.52a
85.56 ± 3.28
ALT (U/L)
50.17 ± 2.22
39.46 ± 2.77
38.99 ± 2.40
46.56 ± 6.11
41.61 ± 2.95
38.53 ± 6.66
43.18 ± 2.29
ALP (U/L)
187.74 ± 16.80
195.76 ± 16.10
183.40 ± 18.27
224.26 ± 17.20
189.68 ± 18.44
218.36 ± 17.44
214.12 ± 37.01
ɣ-GT (U/L)
6.76 ± 0.63
4.86 ± 1.25
4.75 ± 1.16
3.62 ± 0.43
5.21 ± 1.62
4.17 ± 0.56
4.75 ± 0.34
Values are expressed as mean ± SEM of ten animals in each group. Results are significant compared to the untreated control group at a,b, and c. BUN: blood urea nitrogen; HDL-C: high-density cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; γ-GT: gamma-glutamyl transferase.
