Clinical Effects and Safety of Electroacupuncture for the Treatment of Poststroke Dysphagia: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Characteristics of the included studies.

First author; year	No. of patients		Age		Time after onset		Therapy duration	Outcomes	Intervention
	I	C	I	C	I	C			I	C
Wu et al. [9] 2019	63	65	44.0 ± 2.9	44.3 ± 2.6	3.9 ± 0.1 w	3.7 ± 0.4 w	3 w	IFRS	EA + SRT	SRT
Li et al. [10] 2019	50	50	42.5 ± 2.3	42.5 ± 2.2	26.9 ± 1.6 d	25.7 ± 1.5 d	20 d	IFRS, WST, ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Qin et al. [11] 2019	52	52	53.4 ± 10.7	53.8 ± 11.4	6.2 ± 1.5 m	6.4 ± 1.4 m	4 w	SSA, WST, ER, AE	EA + SRT	SRT
He et al. [12] 2018	35	35	64 ± 6	69 ± 7	32 ± 15 d	27 ± 15 d	4 w	ER, AE	EA + SRT	SRT
Xu et al. [13] 2017	40	40	53.98 ± 5.44	55.43 ± 5.67	9.96 ± 1.47 d	10.34 ± 1.54 d	1 m	ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Zhang et al. [14] 2017	40	40	51∼75	53∼76	6∼28 d	7∼27 d	4 w	VFSS,WST, ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Zhang et al. [15] 2016	45	45	62.4 ± 9.6	61.2 ± 10.1	12.8 ± 4.6 d	11.6 ± 4.4 d	4 w	VFSS, ER, IAP	EA + SRT	SRT
Huang and Yang [16] 2015	20	20	50∼70	50∼70	<72 h	<72 h	2 w	ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Zhang [17] 2014	30	30	54.2 ± 4.3	53.7 ± 2.9	3.9 ± 0.5 m	3.5 ± 0.9 m	2 w	WST, VFSS	EA + SRT	SRT
Wang et al. [18] 2012	32	34	63.8 ± 9.3	68.1 ± 10.3	4d∼7 m	3d∼6 m	30 d	WST, ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Wang et al. [19] 2011	30	30	36∼79	39∼73	14∼78 d	14∼78 d	4 w	ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Yang et al. [20] 2011	35	35	67.9 ± 10.6	67.4 ± 9.8	8.3 ± 11.3 d	9.6 ± 15 d	3 w	SSA	EA + SRT	SRT
Wang and Cheng [21] 2010	40	40	67.4 ± 7.8	68.3 ± 9.3	Unclear	Unclear	30 d	IAP	EA + SRT	SRT
Lv et al. [22] 2009	35	35	52∼75	52∼75	0.2∼10 m	0.2∼10 m	2 w	ER, WST	EA + SRT	SRT
Deng and Wang [23] 2009	46	42	42∼79	45∼76	<10 d	<10 d	30 d	ER	EA + SRT	SRT
Cao [24] 2008	60	60	47∼70	51∼68	Unclear	Unclear	4 w	ER	EA + SRT	SRT

C: control group; I: intervention group; EA: electroacupuncture; SRT: swallowing rehabilitation training; WST: water swallow test; ER: effective rate; SSA: standardized swallowing assessment; AE: adverse events; VFSS: video fluoroscopic swallowing study; IAP: incidence of aspiration pneumonia; IFRS: Ichiro Fujishima Rating Scale.