Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Quercus Species

Table 1

Medicinal uses of some Quercus species.

Species	Part	Medicinal use	Reference
Quercus alba L.	Bark	Used as astringent, venotonic, and hemostatic	[7]
Quercus acutissima Carr	Acorn	Treat colitis, stomatitis, labor pains, obesity laryngopharyngitis diseases, astrictiona, diarrheaa, and furuncles	[8, 9]
Quercus brantii Lindl	Leaves; Bark; Acorn; Gall	Astringent effects, treatment of tonsillitis, and throat infections; Chronic skin diseases such as eczema and varicose veins; Diarrhea, internal enzymes, indigestion, stomach pain, anemia, rickets, and tuberculosis; Stomach tonic, astringent, and bleeding stopper; Diarrhea, coughing, mouth ulcer, and stomach ulcer	[10–13]
Quercus cerris L.	Acorn; Bark	Beverage, throat inflammation, cicatrizing for wounds of livestock, tea for female disorders, ointment for wounds, diaphoretic, hemorrhoids, intestinal inflammation, psoriasis, thinness, and fodder	[14–18]
Quercus coccifera L.	Leaves; Gall; Acorn	Fodder, wild vegetables, astringent enuresis, metritis, gingivitis, dermatitis, diarrhea, vaginal diseases, cough, and hypertension	[19–21]
Quercus dilatata	Acorn; Leaves; Bark; Wood; Flowers	Serve as brain, sexual tonic, cleaning teeth eradication of gonorrhea, urinary tract infections in district Swat; Sore mouth throat in Lawat district astringent, diuretic, diarrhea, indigestion and asthma in Poonch Valley, clean foul sores; Treatment of diarrhea, menorrhagia, and gastrointestinal	[22–24]
Quercus dentata Thunb	Gall	Dysentery, diarrheaa	[8]
Quercus ilex L.	Gall; Roasted seeds	Used as aesthetic hair, gingiva, tonic drink coffee, fodder	[25, 26]
Quercus incana Roxb.	Leaves; Bark; Acorn; Wood	Used as astringent diuretic, antidiarrheal agent, treatment asthma. Antipyretic, antirheumatism, antidiabetic, and antiarthritic, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammations of the oral, genital, anal mucosa inflammation of the skin, skeletomuscular problems and antiarthritic purposes	[27–29]
Quercus infectoria-Olivier.	Gall	Used as astringent, diabetes disease, restore the elasticity of the uterine wall, inflammatory disorders, wound infections after childbirth, treatment of toothache, gingivitis, skin disorder, antiseptic, antistomatitis, deodorant, derivative, desiccant, expectorant styptic, tonic, tonic to teeth and wound healing	[18, 30–32]
Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus.	Acorn; Leaves; Bark	Treatment of urinary infection, cure toothache and piles, astringent, diarrhea, stomach ache cure, gonorrhea, asthma, hemorrhages, dysentery, gonorrheal digestive disorders, stomach pain, diuretic, urinary disorder, snake bite, check dysentery	[33–35]
Quercus robur L.	Leaves; Bark	Diabetes, diarrhea	[36]