Increasing Warmth in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial Examining the Efficacy of Mustard and Ginger Footbaths

Table 1

Personal characteristics (t1) of adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 21) and healthy controls (HC, n = 20).

	AN		HC		t		ES
	M	SD	M	SD
Demographic
Age (years)	14.14	1.49	14.30	1.63	−0.32	0.75	−0.10
BMI (kg/m^2)	14.53	0.93	18.93	1.48	−11.32	<0.001	−3.58
Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q)
Restraint scale	2.78	2.05	0.68	1.06	4.14	<0.001	1.27
Eating concern scale	2.82	1.60	0.46	0.81	6.00	<0.001	1.85
Weight concern scale	3.12	1.92	0.97	1.22	4.30	<0.001	1.33
Shape concern scale	3.71	1.67	1.07	1.15	5.91	<0.001	1.83
Total score	3.11	1.67	0.79	0.97	5.45	<0.001	1.68
Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2)
Drive for thinness	28.29	9.13	15.70	8.29	4.63	<0.001	1.44
Bulimia	10.90	3.55	12.55	5.50	−1.13	0.27	−0.36
Body dissatisfaction	36.19	8.57	26.15	9.33	3.58	<0.001	1.12
Ineffectiveness	30.71	7.62	22.05	5.04	4.31	<0.001	1.33
Perfectionism	18.38	5.24	15.45	3.68	2.08	0.04	0.64
Interpersonal distrust	20.57	4.59	16.60	5.00	2.65	0.01	0.83
Interoceptive awareness	33.48	9.89	23.00	5.95	4.13	<0.001	1.28
Maturity fears	27.76	5.63	24.55	5.77	1.80	0.08	0.56
Asceticism	25.95	5.61	20.60	4.04	3.52	<0.01	1.09
Impulse regulation	26.90	6.86	20.55	4.42	3.54	<0.01	1.10
Social insecurity	26.62	5.09	20.80	5.78	3.41	<0.01	1.07
Total score	284.62	57.93	214.30	44.33	4.38	<0.001	1.36
Herdecke Warmth Perception Questionnaire (HeWEF trait)
Trait warmth^a	2.52	0.75	3.50	0.61	−4.59	<0.001	−1.43

Data are means (M) and SD of all participants (^aHow do you generally feel with respect to body temperature? (1 = cold, 5 = hot)). Bold indicates a value <0.05.