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Models | Treatments | Benefits | Mechanisms | Ref. |
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Keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation | | | | |
Keratinocytes | Cells cultured with 0.25–100 μM resveratrol for 24–72 hr | ↓Proliferation | ND | [77] |
Cells cultured with 20 or 40 μM resveratrol for 24 hr | ↓Proliferation | ↑SIRT1 | [78] |
Cells cultured with 50 μM resveratrol for 12 hr | ↓Proliferation | ND | [79] |
Cells cultured with 25–100 μM resveratrol for 24 hr | ↓Proliferation | ND | [80, 81] |
Cells treated with 0.197 μM resveratrol for 2 weeks | ↓Proliferation | ND | [82] |
Cells cultured with 3 μM resveratrol until 3 days postconfluence | ↓Differentiation | ↑SIRT1 | [83] |
Cells cultured with 100 μM resveratrol for 24 hr | ↓Proliferation ↓Differentiation | ↓Protein kinase D | [84] |
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Anti-UV irradiation | | | | |
Keratinocytes | Immediately after irradiation with UVA (5 J/cm2), cells were treated with 0.01–0.1 mM resveratrol for 24 hr | ↑Cell viability ↓MDA content | ↑SOD and GSH-Px expression | [85] |
Either before or after irradiation with UVA (2.796 J/cm2), cells were treated with 2.5 and 5.0 mg/l resveratrol, respectively | ↑Cell viability ↑SOD and GST | ↑NRF2 in nuclear translocation ↓Keap1 | [86] |
Cells first treated with 10 μM resveratrol for 1 hr, followed by UVB irradiation (30 mJ/cm2) | ↑Cell viability ↓Apoptosis | ↑Activation of SIRT1 | [87] |
Cells first treated with 2% of resveratrol for 2 hr, followed by UVB irradiation (5–100 mJ/cm2) | ↑Cell viability | ND | [88] |
Cells treated with 5–25 μM resveratrol for 24 hr, followed by irradiation with UVB (40 mJ/cm2) | ↓NF-κB content and activity | ↑IκBα ↓IKKα | [89] |
Cells treated with 5–10 μM pterostilbene, analog of resveratrol, for 24 hr, followed by irradiation with UVB (30 mJ/cm2). | ↑Cell viability ↓ROS ↓DNA damage | ↑Nrf2 | [90] |
Cells treated with 50 μM resveratrol 30 min prior to irradiation with 1 J/cm2 UVA +0.1 J/cm2 UVB | ↓IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α mRNA | ↑ARH | [91] |
Cells treated with 25 or 100 μM resveratrol for 2 or 24 hr, followed by irradiation with UVB (10, 20, 40, or 100 mJ/cm2) | ↑ROS ↓Autophagy | ↑ERK activation ↑Bax/Bcl2 ratio | [92] |
Cells first irradiated with 1 J/cm2 UVA +0.1 J/cm2 UVB, followed by treatment with 10 μM resveratrol. | ↓CYP1A1, CYP1B1, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX2 mRNA levels | ↓Peroxide content | [93] |
Dermal fibroblasts | Immediately after UVB irradiation (144 mJ/cm2), fibroblasts were treated with 10 or 100 μg/L of resveratrol-enriched rice extract at various concentrations for 24–72 hr | ↑Cell viability ↓ROS ↓MMP1, p53, Bax, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX2 ↑PIP1 and TGF-β protein | ND | [94] |
Reconstructed human skin | Reconstructed human skin was treated with 1% of resveratrol-enriched rice extract for 24 hr, followed by irradiation with UVB (100 mJ/cm2) | ↓MMP1 ↑PIP1, type I procollagen, and collagen fibers | ND | [94] |
Mice | Mice were treated topically with 25 μM resveratrol in 200 μl acetone 30 min prior to irradiation with 180 mJ/cm2 UVB | ↓Ear weight and edema ↓Inflammatory infiltrate ↓ODC activity and COX2 activity ↓Lipid peroxidation | ND | [95] |
Mice were treated topically with 10 μM resveratrol in 200 μl acetone 30 min prior to irradiation with 180 mJ/cm2 UVB | ↑Cell proliferation ↓COX2 and ODC expression | ↓Survivin | [96] |
Mice were treated topically with 0.48% resveratrol 20 min prior to irradiation with 360 mJ/cm2 UVB | ↓Skin edema in mice treated with resveratrol either before or after UVB irradiation ↓Epidermal thickness in mice treated with resveratrol before UVB irradiation | ↑NRF2 | [97] |
Mice were treated topically with 0.48% resveratrol 20 min prior to irradiation with 180 mJ/cm2 UVB, 3 irradiation/week for a total of 30 weeks | ↓Lipid, DNA, and protein peroxidation ↑Activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes | | [97] |
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Antioxidant defense | | | | |
Keratinocytes | Cells cultured with 20 and 60 μM resveratrol for 24 hr | ↑GST activity | ↑NRF2 expression and activation | [98] |
Cells pretreated with 10 or 20 μM resveratrol for 16 hr | ↑NQO1 and GSH-Px mRNA ↑GSH protein synthesis | ↑NRF2 activation | [99] |
Cells treated with both 0.3–3 mM sodium nitroprusside and 1–30 μM resveratrol for 24 hr | ↑Cell viability ↓Caspase 3 and 9 activity | ↓IL-8, NOS3, and NADPH dehydrogenase mRNA ↑GSH-Px mRNA | [100] |
Cells pretreated with 25 or 100 μM resveratrol 24 hr prior to addition of 200, 400, or 800 μM H2O2 and cells were harvested 48 hr postaddition of H2O2 | ↓ROS | ND | [92] |
Cells pretreated with 140 μM resveratrol for 1 h, then 500 μM H2O2 was added, and incubated for additional 2–16 h | ↓DNA damage and HSP70 expression | ND | [101] |
Cells treated with 10 μM resveratrol for 24 hr, and then 100 μM H2O2 was added and incubated for additional 30 min | ↓ROS ↓MDA | ND | [102] |
Cells pretreated with 0.5–10 μM resveratrol for 24 hr, followed by removal of media, and then exposed to cigarette smoking for 50 min | ↑Scavenger receptor class B type I protein and mRNA ↓4-Hydroxynonenal adducts | ND | [103] |
Cells pretreated with 10 μM resveratrol for 24 hr, followed by removal of media, and then exposed to cigarette smoking for 50 min | ↓ROS and carbonyl groups | ↑Methionine sulfoxide reductase A mRNA ↓Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 mRNA and protein | [104] |
Cells pretreated with 0.5 μM resveratrol for 3 hr, followed by addition of 0.1–20 μM arsenic and incubation for additional 20 hr | ↓Arsenic-induced increase in metabolic activity and expression of DNA polymerase beta ↑Arsenic-induced reduction in Y419 phosphorylation and Src protein | ND | [105] |
Reconstructed human skin | Keratinocytes were pretreated with 20 or 100 μM resveratrol for 16 hr, followed by removal of media, and then exposed to 800 μM cumen hydroperoxide for 8 hr | ↑GSH expression ↓Apoptosis | ↑NRF2 activation | [99] |
Mice | Mice were treated topically with 16 μM resveratrol, and four hours later, skin samples were collected | ↑GST activity and content | ↑NRF2 activation | [98] |
Mice were treated topically with 8 or 16 μM resveratrol, and twenty-four hours later, skin samples were collected | ↑Glucuronosyltransferase and NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase activity | ND | [106] |
Humans | Stratum corneum was collected with tape strip 24 hr after single application of resveratrol at a dose of 537 μg/cm2 on the ventral forearm | ↓Production of free radical | ND | [107] |
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Anticancer | | | | |
Melanoma cell line | Cells were treated with 20–40 μg/ml resveratrol for up to 5 days | ↓Proliferation ↓Apoptosis and necrosis | ↑Cells in S phase arrest ↓Cells in G1 and G2/M phase | [108] |
A431 human skin carcinoma cells | A431 cells were treated with 20–100 mg/L resveratrol for 24 hr | ↑Apoptosis ↓Proliferation | ↑Activation of MAPK pathway | [81] |
A431 cells were treated with 20, 50, and 100 μM resveratrol for up to 72 hr | ↓DNA synthesis and proliferation ↓Cells in G2/M phase ↓Cell cycle regulatory proteins | ↓DNA-binding activity of AP-1 ↓ERK1/2 signaling pathway | [109] |
Human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines | HSC2 cells were treated with both resveratrol and benzoxazinotropone at various concentrations for 48 hr | Resveratrol and benzoxazinotropone synergistically inhibited proliferation | ND | [110] |
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells were treated with 15 and 50 μM resveratrol for up to 72 hr | ↓Proliferation ↑Apoptosis | ↑H2AX ser-139 phosphorylation | [111] |
Mice | Mice with squamous cell tumor graft were gavaged orally with 10 and 50 mg/kg body weight of resveratrol for 30 days | ↓Tumor weight and volume per mouse | | |
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Anti-inflammation | | | | |
Keratinocytes | Cells treated with 20 ng/ml TNF-α for 6 hr 10 μM, followed by incubation with resveratrol for additional 16 hr | ↓IL-6 and MCP-1 | ↓Phosphorylation of IκBα | [102] |
Cells treated with 7.5 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide for 12 hr, followed by incubation with 10–50 μM resveratrol for additional 12 hr | ↑Proliferation ↑Apoptosis ↓IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α mRNA and protein | ↑miR-17 expression | [112] |
Cells treated with 50 μM resveratrol 1 hr prior to addition of 2.5 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide | ↓IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and COX2 mRNA | ↓EGFR-ERK signaling pathway | [91] |
Cells pretreated with 25 and 50 μM resveratrol for 30 min, followed by incubation with 25 μg/ml cetuximab or 2 μM gefitinib for additional 3 hr | ↓CCL2 and CXCL10 mRNA and protein | ↓Interferon regulatory factor 1 and phosphorylated STAT1 | [113] |
Cells pretreated with 50 μM resveratrol for 1 hr, followed by incubation with for 10 ng/ml IFN-γ and TNF-α 24 hr | ↓IL-6 | ND | [114] |
Cells pretreated with 44 μM resveratrol for 24 hr, followed by exposure to heat stress for 40 min | ↓IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α | ND | [115] |
Mast cells | RBL-2H3 mast cells were pretreated with 1–25 μM resveratrol for 2 hr, followed by exposure to 200 ng/ml dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin | ↓IL-3, IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α ↓Fc epsilon receptor I expression | ↓P38-MAPK, ERK1/2, JNK | [116] |
Reconstructed human skin | 3D skin was treated 10 ng/ml IFN-γ and TNF-α twice a week, followed by treatment with 1% resveratrol thrice weekly for 2 weeks | ↓IL-6 | ND | [114] |
Mice | BALB/c mouse ears were treated topically with 10 mM resveratrol 2 hr prior to DNFB challenge | ↓Ear thickness ↓CD3-positive cells ↓ICAM-1, CCL2, and CXCL10 expression | ↓Interferon regulatory factor 1 and phosphorylated STAT1 | [113] |
Following induction of allergic contact dermatitis, NC/Nga mice were treated topically with 2.5% resveratrol or resveratrol-enriched rice extract twice weekly for 5 weeks | ↓Epidermal thickness ↓Dermatitis score ↓Serum IgE ↓TEWL ↑Skin hydration | ND | [114] |
BALB/c mice were orally treated with resveratrol at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight 1 hr prior to intravenous challenge with 200 μg dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin | ↓IL-4 and TNF-α ↓CD11b-positive cells | ↓Tyk2-STAT1 activation | [116] |
Atopic dermatitis-like lesions were induced by topical applications of DNFB to the back of BALB/c mice for 5 weeks, followed by orally given resveratrol at a daily dose of 30 mg/kg body weight for 1 week | ↓Dermatitis scores ↓Epidermal thickness ↓Cytokine mRNA | ND | [117] |
Atopic dermatitis-like lesions were induced by topical applications of dermatophagoides farinae to the back of NC/Nga mice for 2 weeks, followed by orally given resveratrol at a daily dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 2 weeks | ↓Dermatitis scores ↓Cytokine mRNA and protein | ↓High mobility group box 1 expression | [118] |
Psoriasis-like skin lesions were induced by topical applications of imiquimod to the back of BALB/c mice, which were orally given resveratrol at a daily dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, for 7 days. | ↓Erythema and scale scores ↓Skin thickness ↓Cytokine mRNA | ND | [119] |
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Accelerating wound healing | | | | |
Rats | Rats were fed with resveratrol at a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight 7 days prior to operation and continued throughout the whole experiment period | ↑Collagen deposition ↑Neovascularization ↑Fibroblast maturation | ND | [120] |
Following induction of full-thickness skin wound, wound was treated topically with 225 μL of 50 μM once daily for 17 days | ↑Epithelialization ↓Wound size ↑Collagen deposition ↑Vascularization | ↑AMPK pathway and SIRT1 | [121] |
Mice | Immediately after wound, a wound dressing containing 0.04% resveratrol was applied to full-thickness skin wound for 10 days | ↓Wound size ↑Collagen fibers ↓Inflammation | ND | [122] |
Placing scaffolds containing 5% resveratrol on the wound for 7 days | ↓Wound size | ↑Expression of thioredoxin-1, heme oxygenase-1, and VEGF | [123] |
Diabetic models | 0.5% resveratrol ointment was applied to wound area in diabetic rats once daily for 21 days | ↓Wound size | ↑Activity of antioxidant enzymes | [124] |
10 μM resveratrol was applied to the cutaneous wound area in diabetic mice, and wound healing was assessed 7 days later | ↓Wound size ↑Endothelial cell proliferation | Sirt1 activation | [125] |
Fourteen days after topical application of resveratrol (0.1 mg/ml) to wound area in diabetic rats once, wound healing was assessed | No benefit | | [126] |
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