Effect of Foot Reflexology Intervention on Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Quality in Adults: A Meta-Analysis and Metaregression of Randomized Controlled Trials
Table 4
Overall effect size of foot reflexology intervention for an adult.
Effect size
95% CI
Null hypothesis
Heterogeneity
Two-tailed test
Sample size (studies)
Hedge’s
Lower
Upper
value
Value
value
value
I2
Depression
4
−0.921
−1.246
−0.595
−5.542
<0.001
5.42
0.143
44.74
Anxiety
16
−1.237
−1.682
−0.791
−5.435
<0.001
217.41
<0.001
93.10
Sleep quality
10
−1.665
−2.361
−0.970
−4.692
<0.001
144.87
<0.001
93.78
values > 0.001 were rounded to two digits. CI, confidence interval.