Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Effect of Thunbergia laurifolia Herbal Tea on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Volunteers: A Single-Arm Phase I Study

Table 1

Glucose homeostasis and metabolic profiles at baseline and at 2 weeks.


	All (n = 20)			TL 9 gm/day (n = 10)			TL 12 gm/day (n = 10)
	Baseline	2 weeks	value	Baseline	2 weeks	value	Baseline	2 weeks	value

Weight (kg)	72.1 ± 16.3	72.2 ± 16.2	0.71	73.0 ± 17.4	72.8 ± 17.1	0.60	71.3 ± 16.1	71.6 ± 16.3	0.17
BMI (kg/m²)	27.5 ± 5.8	27.6 ± 5.8	0.63	28.1 ± 6.0	28.0 ± 5.9	0.68	27.0 ± 6.0	27.1 ± 6.0	0.17
SBP (mmHg)	110 ± 14	108 ± 11	0.52	107 ± 13	107 ± 10	0.96	116 ± 14	110 ± 12	0.30
DBP (mmHg)	66 ± 10	67 ± 10	0.77	65 ± 8	68 ± 11	0.48	67 ± 12	66 ± 9	0.58
FPG (mg/dL)	89 ± 6	89 ± 7	0.80	90 ± 5	89 ± 6	0.36	88 ± 6	90 ± 8	0.24
Fructosamine (μmol/L)	213 ± 32	212 ± 33	0.94	194 ± 29	194 ± 24	0.93	231 ± 25	231 ± 32	0.99
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)	8.8 (5.9–18.4)	10.4 (7.4–15.2)	0.72	10.5 (5.9–22.9)	11.7 (7.9–15.3)	0.79	7.9 (5.8–17.0)	9.5 (6.5–15.6)	1.00
HOMA-B	101.6 (82.3–189.8)	120.4 (93.2–153.2)	0.77	113.4 (81.0–201.4)	130.2 (97.3–161.3)	0.45	96.2 (83.7–184.5)	104.1 (85.8–137.4)	0.51
HOMA-S	88.2 (43.6 130.3)	73.8 (50.7–107.0)	0.31	73.4 (34.9–130.4)	68.5 (51.7–97.8)	0.24	95.6 (47.1–132.3)	81.2 (49.4–120.3)	0.96
HOMA-IR	1.14 (0.77–2.31)	1.37 (0.94–1.98)	0.65	1.37 (0.77–2.87)	1.50 (1.03–1.94)	0.72	1.05 (0.76–2.14)	1.27 (0.84–2.03)	0.88
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	195 ± 28	200 ± 29	0.25	198 ± 24	201 ± 34	0.67	192 ± 32	199 ± 25	0.67
TG (mg/dL)	91 ± 28	97 ± 38	0.24	96 ± 32	104 ± 45	0.29	86 ± 25	91 ± 30	0.29
HDL-C (mg/dL)	52 ± 9	53 ± 11	0.35	49 ± 8	50 ± 11	0.42	54 ± 9	55 ± 10	0.42
Cal-LDL-C (mg/dL)	125 ± 28	128 ± 27	0.50	130 ± 26	130 ± 31	0.96	121 ± 31	126 ± 25	0.96
hs-CRP (mg/L)	1.49 (0.72–2.63)	1.31 (0.58–3.20)	0.77	1.43 (0.71–2.44)	1.26 (0.78–3.31)	0.26	1.73 (0.61–3.87)	1.58 (0.44–3.78)	0.14

Data presented as mean ± standard deviation or median and interquartile range. A value <0.05 indicates statistical significance. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-B, homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function; HOMA-S, homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; cal-LDL-C, calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein.