UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Analysis of Biologically Active Extracts from Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. and Cleome gynandra L. Leaves
Table 1
The total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH scavenging activity, nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activity, and cell cytotoxicity (MTT) of the G. procumbens and G. gynandra extracts.
Extracts % EtOH
G. procumbens
C. gynandra
TPC (mg GAE/100 mgde)
DPPH (IC50) μg/mL
NO inhibition (IC50) μg/mL
MTT (%) at 1000 μg/mL
TPC (mg GAE/100 mgde)
DPPH (IC50) μg/mL
NO inhibition (IC50) μg/mL
MTT (%) at 1000 μg/mL
0
1.44 ± 0.03a
124.37 ± 6.28a
117.19 ± 10.50a
96.31 ± 3.06
3.38 ± 0.06a
62.01 ± 5.84a
210.06 ± 12.25a
ND
20
1.58 ± 0.32a
317.41 ± 8.32b
96.77 ± 7.09b
97.91 ± 3.84
3.46 ± 0.26a
40.36 ± 5.09b
94.83 ± 10.49b
ND
50
3.81 ± 0.04b
66.28 ± 3.95c
82.03 ± 8.95c
95.76 ± 8.01
1.51 ± 0.18b
276.92 ± 6.42c
97.11 ± 9.09b
ND
70
3.15 ± 0.19b
131.92 ± 8.99a
22.91 ± 6.75d
93.54 ± 8.73
2.74 ± 0.28c
304.64 ± 9.02d
66.01 ± 7.75c
91.53 ± 3.25
100
5.91 ± 0.62c
63.73 ± 2.90c
25.20 ± 6.19d
91.71 ± 7.72
3.71 ± 0.26a
236.95 ± 7.96c
60.75 ± 6.32c
89.11 ± 4.77
Quercetin
—
1.73 ± 0.12
—
—
—
1.73 ± 0.12
—
—
Curcumin
—
—
3.59 ± 0.28
—
—
—
3.59 ± 0.28
—
Values are the mean ± standard deviation of six biological replicates. Bold numbers to show extracts with the best activity for related assays. GAE: gallic acid equivalent; de: dried extract; EtOH: ethanol; ND: not detected. Each different superscript letter within the same assay indicates a statistically significant different ().