Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Omentin-1 and Spexin Levels, Inflammatory Parameters, Lipid Profile, and Anthropometric Indices in Obese and Overweight Adults with Vitamin D Deficiency under Low-Calorie Diet: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial

Table 1

General characteristics of study participants.

	Placebo group^1 (n = 29)	Vitamin D group^2 (n = 30)
Age (y)^a,e	36.82 ± 7.65	38.30 ± 9.34	0.5
Gender^d			0.3
Female^b	21 (72.4)	18 (60)
Male^b	8 (27.6)	12 (40)
Height (m)^a,e	154.5 ± 143.13	165.03 ± 9.17	0.1
Sun exposure (score)^f
Baseline^c	4.4 (1.8, 6.9)	4.9 (2.1, 7)	0.7
End of the trial^c	3.9(1, 7)	4.4(1.7, 5.8)	0.8
Physical activity (IPAQ-METS score)^g
Baseline^c	630(443,1299)	682.5(470.25,1903.5)	0.8
End of the trial^c	600(393.5,1400)	827.5(415.7,1925)	0.5

¹Received placebo per day during 8 weeks. ²Received 2,000 IU vitamin D per day during 8 weeks. Significant difference (). ^aData are presented as means ± SDs and frequency (%)^b or median (interquartile range)^c. ^dObtained from chi-square. ^eObtained from independent sample Student’s t-test. ^fObtained from Fisher’s exact test. ^gObtained from Mann–Whitney U test.