Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Omentin-1 and Spexin Levels, Inflammatory Parameters, Lipid Profile, and Anthropometric Indices in Obese and Overweight Adults with Vitamin D Deficiency under Low-Calorie Diet: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial
Table 4
Means (±standard deviations) of glycemic control and markers of cardiometabolic risk at baseline and after the 8-week intervention in patients with overweight and obese that received vitamin D supplement or placebo.
Placebo group1 (n = 29)
Vitamin D group2 (n = 30)
Baseline
End of the trial
Change
Baseline
End of the trial
Change
Serum 25(OH)D (ng/mL)
19.3 ± 3.6
19.9 ± 3.5
0.6 ± 1.4
0.6
19.8 ± 2.6
36.6 ± 9.8
16.8 ± 8.8
0.02
<0.001
Omentin-1 (mg/dL)
201.7 ± 197.6
216.9 ± 179.4
15.2 ± 229.1
0.6
255 ± 267.1
273.5 ± 280.11
18.49 ± 280.6
0.5
0.75
Spexin (pg/mL)
8169.4 ± 6753.2
8355.1 ± 6109
185.7 ± 6045.7
0.9
8533.3 ± 6198.2
8738.2 ± 5959.3
204.9 ± 5325.8
0.6
0.8
hs-CRP (ng/mL)
4014.54 ± 4730.89
3908 ± 5100.4
−106.54 ± 5058.3
0.6
3606 ± 0.522
2756 ± 0.344
−850 ± 0.321
0.02
0.03
sICAM-1(ng/L)
835.8 ± 687.1
644.4 ± 368.5
−191.3 ± 729.2
0.4
837.8 ± 578.7
530.5 ± 389.3
−307.2 ± 466.6
0.01
0.07
FBS (mg/dL)
101 .75 ± 10.84
104.20 ± 25.12
2.4 ± 19.7
0.09
100.70 ± 9.86
96.96 ± 10.84
−3.7 ± 10.71
0.07
0.2
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
180.62 ± 74.13
182.82 ± 87.76
2.2 ± 64.4
0.7
172.36 ± 94.33
135.06 ± 64.5
−37.3 ± 75.7
0.01
0.02
HDL-C (mg/dL)
51.89 ± 10.33
52.31 ± 10.51
0.41 ± 8.8
0.8
46.80 ± 13.46
52.2 ± 14.31
5.4 ± 10.58
<0.001
0.08
LDL-C (mg/dL)
137.3 ± 44.48
141.5 ± 38.34
4.24 ± 37.38
0.59
139.50 ± 74.60
130.20 ± 54.48
−9.3 ± 39.24
0.45
0.08
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
212.34 ± 34.11
206.5 ± 37.31
−5.8 ± 41.34
0.44
205.13 ± 77.93
190.03 ± 73.21
−15.10 ± 24.90
0.06
0.6
VLDL-C (mg/dL)
82.1 ± 33.6
83.1 ± 39.8
1 ± 29.2
0.7
78.3 ± 42.8
61.3 ± 29.3
−16.9 ± 34.4
0.01
0.02
SBP (mmHg)
11.51 ± 1.47
11.06 ± 1.74
−0.44 ± 1.53
0.12
11.26 ± 1.72
11.33 ± 1.65
0.06 ± 1.16
0.75
0.55
DBP (mmHg)
8.03 ± 1.68
7.84 ± 1.32
−0.18 ± 1.12
0.58
8.30 ± 1.55
8.22 ± 1.44
−0.8 ± 1.25
0.76
0.8
FBS: fasting blood sugar; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; VLDL-C: very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure. 1Received placebo per day during 8 weeks. 2Received 2,000 IU vitamin D per day during 8 weeks. Significant difference ().: comparison of within-group changes (paired-sample t-test). : comparison of between-group changes (independent t-test). Data are presented as means ± SDs.
