| | Author, year | Age range | Participants (M/F) | Interventions | Frequency and duration of the acupoint injection | Acupoint injection drug, dose | Acupoints injected | Outcomes/measure(s) |
| | Jing, 2013 [26] | 18–75 | 90 (43/47) | EG: Acupoint injection + TDP
CG: Acupuncture | EG: 15 min-2 min/day, once a day or alternate dose, 10 dayS
CG: 40 min/day, once a day, 10 dayS | Cervus and Cucumis Polypeptide injection 4 ml, 0.5–1 ml/point | BL32, BL36, BL40, BL54, BL57, GB37, GB30, SP9, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Li et al., 2004 [23] | 25–75 | 150 (63/87) | EG1: Acupoint injection (2% lidocaine)
EG2: Acupoint injection (Danshen injection)
CG: Acupuncture | EG1: Every three days, 20 days
EG2: Every three days, 20 days
CG: every other day, 20 days | EG1: 2% lidocaine
EG2: Danshen injection | BL23, BL24, BL25, BL40, GB30, GB34, EX-B05, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Li, 2014 [19] | 22–76 | 100 (59/41) | EG: Acupoint injection + Electroacupuncture
CG: Electroacupuncture | EG: Acupoint injection: Once/5–7 days
Electroacupuncture: 25 min one time, once a day, 6 days as a session, 2–4 sessions
CG: Electroacupuncture | 2% lidocaine 4 ml + triamcinolone acetonide acetate 12.5 mg + vitamin B12 2 ml | BL23, BL25, BL40, BL54, GV03, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Liu et al., 2012 [35] | Did not report | 208 (did not report) | EG: Acupoint injection + acupuncture
CG: Acupuncture | EG: Acupuncture: 20 min/day, 5 times/week, 2 weeks; acupoint injection: Once a week, 2 weeks
CG: 20 min/day, 5 times/week, 2 weeks | Diprospan 5 mg + mecobalamin 0.5 mg + 0.9% NaCl 10 ml | BL23, BL28, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Luo and Han, 2017 [20] | 23–78 | 80 (65/15) | EG: Acupoint injection + Electroacupuncture. CG: Electroacupuncture | EG: Acupuncture: 25 min/day, 6 times/week, 2–4 weeks; acupoint injection: Once a week, 2–4 weeks
CG: 25 min/day, 6 times/week, 2–4 weeks | 2% lidocaine 4 ml + triamcinolone acetonide acetate 12.5 mg + vitamin B12 + 2 ml | BL23, BL25, BL40, BL54, GV03, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate;
Patient satisfaction |
| | Qi, 2012 [21] | 22–78 | 60 (39/21) | EG: Acupoint injection + Electroacupuncture
CG: Electroacupuncture | EG: Acupuncture: 25 min/day, 6 times/week, 2–4 weeks; acupoint injection: once a week, 2–4 weeks
CG: 25 min/day, 6 times/week, 2–4 weeks | 2% lidocaine 4 ml + triamcinolone acetonide acetate 12.5 mg + vitamin B1 2.2 ml | BL23, BL25, BL40, BL54, GV03, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Shin et al., 2012 [27] | 18–65 | 60 (27/33) | EG: Acupoint injection
CG: sham injection | EG: Twice a week for 4 weeks for a total of 8 treatment sessions
CG: twice a week for 4 weeks for a total of 8 treatment sessions | EG: In the BVA group, the bee venom was diluted 1 : 2000, and a volume of 0.1 ml was injected into each acupoint. The total injected volume per participant was set at 0.6 ml (0.1 ml × 6 points)
CG: Equal amounts of normal saline were injected into each acupoint (0.1 ml × 6 points) | BL23, BL24, BL25 | VAS, SF-36, ODQ, SLRT |
| | Wen et al., 2017 [25] | 40–75 | 150 (85/65) | EG: Acupoint injection + function exercise
CG: function exercise + voltaren (oral) | EG: Function exercise: did not report;
Acupoint injection: once two days
CG: function exercise: did not report;
Voltaren (oral): Two pills each time, once a day | Danhong injection 2 ml each point | GV03, BL23, BL40, BL32 | VAS; subjective cure rate |
| | Wu et al., 2015 [18] | 24–56 | 93 (52/41) | EG: Acupoint injection + traditional Chinese medicine bone setting technique
CG: Lumbar traction | EG: Acupoint injection: once a day, 20 times as a session;
Traditional Chinese medicine bone setting technique: Once every two days, 20 times as a session
CG: 15–40 minutes/day | 0.5 mg vitamin B12 (1 ml) + compound Angelica injection (2 ml) + 0.9% NaCl (2 ml) | Back Shu point | Subjective cure rate; VAS |
| | Yang and Wang, 2010 [24] | Did not report | 90 (did not report) | EG1: Acupoint injection (Angelica injection)
EG2: Acupoint injection (O3 injection)
CG: Electroacupuncture | EG1: Once a day, ten times as a session, one session
EG2: Once a day, ten times as a session, one session
CG: Once a day, ten times as a session, one session | EG1: Angelica injection (0.5–1 ml)
EG2: 1% lidocaine + 30 μg/ml oxygen-ozone 3–5 ml | BL24, BL25, BL26, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Zhang et al., 2007 [36] | Did not report | 120 (65/55) | EG1: Acupoint injection (Angelica injection)
EG2: Acupoint injection (O3 injection)
CG: Electroacupuncture | EG1: Once a day, ten times as a session, one session
EG2: Once a day, ten times as a sesson, one session
CG: Once a day, ten times as a sesson, one session | EG1: Angelica injection 0.5–1 ml
EG2: 30 μg/ml oxygen-ozone 3–5 ml | BL24, BL25, BL26, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
| | Zhu, 2003 [22] | 38–72 | 180 (did not report) | EG1: Acupoint injection;
EG2: Oral Chinese medicine;
CG: The five elements of haci needle + anti-inflammatory agent | EG1: Once a day, four times as a sesson, one session
EG2: Once a day, four times as a sesson, one session
CG: 20 minutes/day, once a day, ten times as a session, one session | Tongxitong 40 mg + Angelica injection 4 ml + vitamin B1 200 mg + vitamin B12 100 mg | GV03, EX-B02, GB34, Ashi point | Subjective cure rate |
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