Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Cytotoxic Constituents of the Bark of Hypericum roeperianum towards Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells

Table 1

Recorded IC₅₀ values after 72 h incubation of drug-sensitive and MDR cancer cells lines with botanicals from the bark of Hypericum roeperianum.


Cell lines	Samples, IC₅₀ values in µg/mL, and degrees of resistance or selectivity index
Cell lines	HRB	HRBa	HRBa1	HRBa2	HRBa3	HRBa4	HRBa5	HRBb

CCRF-CEM	13.71 ± 0.26	15.65 ± 1.18	46.42 ± 1.98	17.87 ± 1.53	16.81 ± 4.02	16.27 ± 4.28	57.15 ± 3.76	48.76 ± 2.83
CEM/ADR5000	11.43 ± 0.88	18.56 ± 1.74	>80	20.18 ± 1.76	23.03 ± 1.22	13.55 ± 0.44	>80	31.55 ± 2.28
Degree of resistance	0.84	1.19	>1.72	1.13	1.37	0.83	>1.16	0.65
MDA-MB-231-pcDNA	19.87 ± 1.77	23.12 ± 1.65	72.23 ± 4.54	20.42 ± 1.71	28.32 ± 1.57	18.13 ± 2.08	68.91 ± 6.30	48.12 ± 1.99
MDA-MB-231-BCRP	18.22 ± 0.81	26.42 ± 3.01	63.16 ± 3.30	19.89 ± 0.62	24.41 ± 1.77	17.66 ± 1.11	74.32 ± 3.92	37.23 ± 4.51
Degree of resistance	0.92	1.14	0.87	0.97	0.86	0.97	1.08	0.77
HCT116 (p53^+/+)	26.75 ± 1.23	34.52 ± 1.74	59.10 ± 3.06	33.44 ± 3.62	30.76 ± 1.61	28.43 ± 3.01	>80	31.19 ± 1.26
HCT116 (p53⁻/⁻)	17.44 ± 2.01	41.17 ± 3.14	>80	24.58 ± 3.48	33.63 ± 3.77	28.09 ± 1.75	>80	29.52 ± 0.98
Degree of resistance	0.65	1.19		0.74	1.09	0.99		0.95
U87MG	12.42 ± 0.66	18.03 ± 1.77	47.84 ± 4.36	18.01 ± 1.19	16.13 ± 2.04	18.44 ± 2.11	47.89 ± 2.24	46.55 ± 2.43
U87MG.ΔEGFR	14.36 ± 1.48	20.12 ± 0.81	59.60 ± 5.12	13.92 ± 2.07	18.72 ± 1.45	15.52 ± 0.88	55.20 ± 4.79	28.30 ± 1.11
Degree of resistance	1.16	1.12	1.25	0.77	1.16	0.84	1.15	0.60
HepG2	17.45 ± 2.05	29.17 ± 1.30	>80	18.75 ± 1.41	25.88 ± 1.56	14.95 ± 1.34	>80	69.48 ± 2.93
AML12	42.09 ± 1.17	>80	>80	61.34 ± 3.39	56.12 ± 2.67	65.17 ± 4.31	>80	>80
Selectivity index	2.41	>2.74		3.27	2.17	4.56		1.15

(): the degree of resistance was determined as the ratio of the IC₅₀ value in the resistant divided by the IC₅₀ in the sensitive cell line; CEM/ADR5000, MDA-MB-231-BCRP, HCT116 (p53⁻/⁻), and U87MG.ΔEGFR were used as the corresponding resistant counterpart for CCRF-CEM, MDA-MB-231-pcDNA, HCT116 (p53^+/+), and U87MG, respectively; (): the selectivity index was determined as the ratio of the IC₅₀ value in the normal AML12 hepatocytes divided by the IC₅₀ in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells; in bold: significant cytotoxic effect [7, 39, 40]; nd: not determined; HRB: crude methanol extract from the bark of Hypericum roeperianum, HRBa: portion obtained by exhaustion of HRB with ethyl acetate; HRBa1-5: fractions from HRBa; HRBb: residual fraction obtained after exhaustion of HRB with ethyl acetate. The data for doxorubicin used as positive control in similar experimental conditions are shown in Table 2.