Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interaction between Hibiscus sabdariffa Calyces Aqueous Extract and Captopril in Rats

Table 4

Plasma pharmacokinetic profile of captopril and its coadministration with Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous extract in rats.

Parameter	Group I (n = 6)	Group II (n = 6)
AUC0−t (ng h/mL)	956.86 ± 314.28	162.35 ± 41.00
AUC0−∞ (ng h/mL)	993.32 ± 339.55	166.73 ± 41.82
Cmax (ng/mL)	282.98 ± 124.79	60.02 ± 28.84
Tmax (h)	2.17 ± 1.47	1.46 ± 0.87
T1/2 (h)	1.51 ± 0.52	1.58 ± 0.25
Cl/F (mL/h·kg)	0.0257 ± 0.0115	0.1418 ± 0.0338
Vd/F (mL/kg)	0.0541 ± 0.0226	0.3205 ± 0.0790
Ke (1/h)	0.4907 ± 0.1149	0.4475 ± 0.0597

Group I, captopril alone; group II, coadministration with Hibiscus sabdariffa extract; AUC, area under the curve; Cmax, maximum concentration; Cl/F, apparent total body clearance; Vd/F, apparent volume of distribution. .