Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Ruzu Bitters on Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Male Wistar Rats

Table 5

Effects on oxidative stress markers in the liver tissue.

Groups	Normal	PIO	RUZU	NAFLD	FENO
MDA (μ moles/mg protein)	0.17 ± 0.01^b	0.18 ± 0.02^b	0.19 ± 0.02^b	0.30 ± 0.01^a	0.22 ± 0.02^b
GSH (n moles/mg protein)	112.18 ± 6.18^b	112.10 ± 3.79^b	119.19 ± 9.21^b	72.24 ± 5.15^a	151.53 ± 19.69^ab
SOD (units/mg protein)	0.86 ± 0.07^b	1.09 ± 0.14^b	0.79 ± 0.03^b	0.47 ± 0.07^a	0.76 ± 0.18^b

Values are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 5). , a significant difference compared to the normal control. , a significant difference compared to the NAFLD group. NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, PIO: pioglitazone (4 mg/kg body weight), RUZU: Ruzu herbal bitters (0.6 mg/kg body weight), and FENO: fenofibrate (10 mg/kg body weight).