Immunomodulatory Activity of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) Leaf Diethyl Ether and Methanol Extracts on Salmonella typhi-Infected Mice and LPS-Induced Phagocytic Activities of Macrophages and Neutrophils

Figure 2

Stimulatory properties of the diethyl ether extracts (D-extract) and methanol extract (M-extract) on superoxide anion production by lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced peritoneal mouse macrophages (M) and neutrophils (N). The histogram expressed the mean ± SD (n = 4). The asterisks indicate the significant difference relative to LPS control (4 μg/ml) determined by Tukey’s test (). The letters indicate the significant difference determined by Tukey’s test (). SD and ND indicate the significant difference and the absence of difference in the action of the two extracts determined by Tukey’s test, respectively ().

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