Review Article

Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Therapy on Chemotherapy-Induced Leukopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies.

No.Study IDDiagnostic criteriaNumber (T/C)Age, years (T/C)InterventionsOutcomes
Control groupTreatment groupDurationAdverse events

1Lin et al. [14]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.020/1952.1 ± 7.65/53.7 ± 6.14Oral medicine (leucogen tablets)Acupoint injection at ST36 with Shenmai injection1× per day for 21 days (21 total)Not mentionedTER

2Wang [15]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.020/1855.35 ± 9.73/54.80 ± 8.15Oral medicine (blood increasing pill)Moxibustion at ST36, CV4, and CV61× per day for 7 days (7 total)No local scalds and no allergies or discomfort caused by other treatments during and after treatmentLC, TER, and KI

3Fan [16]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.030/3057.72 ± 12.09/61.59 ± 12.78Intravenous drip of Shenqi Fuzheng injectionGinger moxibustion at GV14, BL20, BL23, BL17, CV12, CV14, and CV4 for 4 moxa cone1× per day for 10 days (10 total)A total of 4 cases of adverse events occurred (two were intolerable to moxa smoke, one had blisters from moxibustion, and one treated middle back pruritus).LC

4Lu et al. [17]WHO grading standards30/3030–76/40–75Intravenous drip of granisetron hydrochloride injectionIntravenous drip of granisetron hydrochloride injection + acupoint injection at ST36 with Aidi injectionNDNot mentionedLC

5Yang [18]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.027/3056.04 ± 10.98/54.10 ± 11.02rhG-CSF injectionrhG-CSF injection + moxibustion with warming needle at ST36, BL17, CV4, and CV61× per day for 7 days (7 total)No signs of infectionLC and TER

6Fu et al. [19]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.038/3855–79; mean: 61.5 ± 8.9Oral medicine (leucogen tablets and batilol tablets)Moxibustion with warming needle at ST36, SP6, SP9, SP10, GV14, BL20, PC6, CV4, and CV61× per day for 14 days (14 total)Not mentionedTER

7Wang et al. [20]WHO grading standards37/3554.24 ± 7.89/51.25 ± 8.97Oral medicine (leucogen tablets and batilol tablets)Moxibustion at ST36, SP6, SP10, CV4, and CV8 for 4 moxa cone(1× per day for 14 days, rest 7 days) 2 (28 total)Not mentionedLC and TER

8Zhang [21]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.016/1660.06 ± 7.54/61.38 ± 8.40rhG-CSF injectionMoxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone at ST36 and GV14 for 9 moxa cone1× per dayNDLC and TER

9Tian [22]WHO grading standards34/3432–76; mean: 51.6 ± 4.3Oral medicine (leucogen tablets and batilol tablets)Moxibustion at ST36, CV4 and CV6 for 15 minutes1× per day for 14 days (14 total)Not mentionedLC

10Hu [23]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.030/301.30 ± 9.64/52.03 ± 8.87Oral medicine (batilol tablets) or subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF injectionOral medicine (batilol tablets) or subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF injection + acupuncture at ST36, SP6, SP10 and BL23 for 30 minutes1× per day for 5 days (5 total)Not mentionedLC and TER

11Zhu [24]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.040/3847 ± 16/46 ± 14Oral medicine (batilol tablets) or subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF injectionOral medicine (batilol tablets) or subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF injection + acupuncture at ST36, SP6, BL18, BL23, CV4, and SP101× per day for 5 days (5 total)NDLC and TER

12Chen and Xu [25]Definitive diagnosis without basis52/5038–72/37–70Oral medicine (leucogen tablets and berbamine hydrochloride tablets)Oral medicine (leucogen tablets and berbamine hydrochloride tablets) + moxibustion at ST36 for 15 minutes1× per day for 7 days (7 total)No adverse events foundLC and TER

13Mo et al. [26]WHO grading standards41/4155 ± 10/56 ± 10Oral medicine (leucogen tablets and batilol tablets)Moxibustion at ST36, CV4, CV6, and CV8 for 20 minutes6× per week for 3 weeks (18 total)Not mentionedLC, TER, and KI

14Nie [27]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.024/2449.09 ± 8.01/51.2 ± 6.04rhGM-CSF InjectionMoxibustion at GV14, CV4, CV8, BL17, BL20, and BL231× per day for 10 days (10 total)Not mentionedLC and TER

15Wang [28]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.036/3657.21 ± 7.37/57.30 ± 8.37Oral medicine (Shenqi tablets)Acupoint injection at ST36 with Shenfu injection1× per day for 7 days (7 total)No obvious adverse events such as skin rashes and allergies during the studyLC and KI

16Gong et al. [29]WHO grading standards50/504.17 ± 5.71/51.49 ± 6.27Oral medicine (batilol tablets and vitamin B4 tablets)Ginger moxibustion at CV4, CV6, and CV81× per day for 10 days (10 total)Not mentionedLC, TER, and KI

17Li et al. [30]The total number of leukocytes remained below 4.080/808.35 ± 9.27/66.70 ± 12.13Subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF injectionSubcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF injection + moxibustion at ST36, CV4, CV6, BL23, and GV41× per day for 14 days (14 total)Not mentionedLC

WHO, World Health Organization; T, treatment group; C, control group; rhG-CSF, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injection; rhGM-CSF, recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor injection; ND, not determined; LC, leukocyte count; TER, total effective rate; KI, Karnofsky’s index.