Effect of Moxibustion on Inflammatory Cytokines in Animals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Subgroup analysis for the effect of moxibustion on the reduction of TNF-α.

		Heterogeneity		Effect size
			I^2	95% CI
Moxibustion	SS	0.005	68	SMD = 2.36 (1.51, 3.22)	<0.00001
	SSMC	0.00001	94	SMD = 5.20 (−0.25, 10.66)	=0.06
Model	CFA	0.00001	87	SMD = 2.83 (1.55, 4.12)	<0.0001
	CIA	0.02	71	SMD = 2.37 (1.05, 3.69)	=0.0004
Species	SD	0.00001	86	SMD = 2.96 (1.62, 4.30)	<0.0001
	Wister	0.0002	85	SMD = 3.17 (1.37, 4.98)	=0.0006
Weight	110–155 g	0.0001	91	SMD = 4.82 (−1.24, 10.87)	=0.12
	160–200 g	0.0005	92	SMD = 2.16 (−0.72, 5.04)	=0.15
	180–220 g	0.0001	83	SMD = 3.34 (1.90, 4.79)	<0.00001
Gender	Male	0.00001	82	SMD = 3.19 (1.97, 4.41)	<0.00001
	Male/female	0.0001	90	SMD = 2.59 (0.38, 4.80)	=0.02
Publication	Yes	0.00001	84	SMD = 2.80 (1.79, 3.81)	<0.00001
	No	0.0003	92	SMD = 4.64 (−1.76, 11.05)	=0.16